<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, Hyewon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">People with multiple sclerosis report significantly worse symptoms and health related quality of life than the US general population as measured by PROMIS and NeuroQoL outcome measures.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-107</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) report fatigue, pain, depression, cognitive difficulties, and other symptoms. It is often difficult to compare symptoms across studies and populations because scales used to measure individual symptoms or quality of life indicators (QOLI) use different metrics and often do not provide norms. PROMIS and Neuro-QOL measures, developed with modern psychometric methods, use a common metric and provide population norms.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVE: &lt;/b&gt;To create symptom profiles and compare symptoms and QOLIs of people living with MS to a US general population sample.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Data from observational cross-sectional survey studies of 1544 community dwelling individuals with MS were analyzed. T-tests and non-parametric tests were used to examine whether symptoms or QOLIs of people with MS differed from the general US population. Regression analyses were used to adjust differences for age and sex. Measures included PROMIS or NeuroQoL anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance and related impairment, pain interference, physical function, satisfaction with social roles, and applied cognition. Symptom levels were also compared by age, gender, and disability level.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Scores on all health domains were statistically significantly (all p&amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;&amp;nbsp;0.001) worse than the general US population and six domains had scores worse by half standard deviation or more. These differences remained significant after adjusting for age and sex.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Individuals with MS report clinically meaningful worse health compared to the general population across multiple health related domains. Symptom profiles utilizing PROMIS or NeuroQoL measures can be used to quickly assess symptom levels in an individual or group.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arewasikporn, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Ian K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Promoting resilience in individuals aging with multiple sclerosis: Results from a pilot randomized controlled trial.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation Psychology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">338-348</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;Starting in middle adulthood, individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS) are confronted with the simultaneous challenge of coping with advancing MS alongside age-related changes. Psychological resilience is thought to play an important role in promoting healthy aging and thus may be important in the context of aging with MS. This study aimed to evaluate whether Everyday Matters, a novel positive psychology program, had a positive effect on resilience and other related outcomes in adults with MS relative to a wait-list control group. Research Method/Design: This was a single-center two-group pilot randomized (1:1) controlled trial comparing the Everyday Matters intervention to a waitlist control. Randomized participants were&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;= 31 adults with MS aged &amp;ge; 45 years. The 6-week program, developed by the National MS Society, was delivered via group teleconference and supplemented with readings, videos, and online participation. Participants in both groups completed outcome assessments measuring resilience, satisfaction with social roles, mood, pain, fatigue, and sleep at baseline and posttreatment. Results: Analyses on&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;= 27 participants who completed study assessments revealed a significant group effect for resilience and satisfaction with social roles, and trend differences for positive affect and well-being and depressive symptom severity. At posttreatment, participants in the intervention group reported the group to be very helpful, found the telephone-based delivery convenient, and felt the benefits of participating outweighed the effort. Conclusions/Implications: These results suggest that the Everyday Matters program shows promise for increasing resilience in adults with MS and that a full-scale randomized controlled trial is warranted.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, Karlyn A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Battalio, Samuel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes in Resilience Predict Function in Adults With Physical Disabilities: A Longitudinal Study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">329-336</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;(1) To determine if resilience exhibits similar stability across time as depression, fatigue, and sleep quality; and (2) to determine if changes in resilience over a period of 1 year are associated with changes in depression, fatigue, sleep quality, and physical function over the same time period.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;Observational longitudinal survey study with measures administered 2 times, 1 year apart.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;SETTING: &lt;/b&gt;Community-based population sample.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PARTICIPANTS: &lt;/b&gt;Adults with physical disabilities (N=893).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTERVENTIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Not applicable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: &lt;/b&gt;Primary outcomes were measures of resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), fatigue (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Fatigue Short Form), sleep quality (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance), and physical function (8-item PROMIS Physical Functioning).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Resilience (r=.71, P&amp;lt;.001) exhibited similar stability over 1 year to depression (r=.71, P&amp;lt;.001), fatigue (r=.79, P&amp;lt;.001), and sleep quality (r=.68, P&amp;lt;.001). A decrease in resilience was associated with an increase in depression (F1,885=70.23; P&amp;lt;.001; R(2)=.54) and fatigue (F1,885=25.66; P&amp;lt;.001; R(2)=.64), and an increase in resilience was associated with improved sleep quality (F1,885=30.76; P&amp;lt;.001; R(2)=.48) and physical function (F1,885=16.90; P&amp;lt;.001; R(2)=.86) over a period of 1 year, while controlling for age, sex, and diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Resilience exhibits similar test-retest stability as other important domains that are often treatment targets. Changes in resilience were associated with changes in depression, fatigue, sleep quality, and physical functioning over the course of 1 year. Further longitudinal and experimental research is warranted to investigate the potential causal effect of changes in resilience on quality of life in individuals with physical disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growing Older With a Physical Disability: A Special Application of the Successful Aging Paradigm</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Gerontology Series B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27702838 </style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;
	OBJECTIVES:&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abstracttext label=&quot;OBJECTIVES&quot; nlmcategory=&quot;OBJECTIVE&quot;&gt;In the United States, the average age of people living with early-acquired physical disabilities is increasing. This cohort is said to be aging with disability and represents a unique population among older adults. Given recent policy efforts designed to merge aging and disability services, it is critical that models of &amp;quot;successful aging&amp;quot; include and are relevant to this population. However, many current definitions of successful aging emphasize avoidance of disability and high levels of physical function as necessary to well-being.&lt;/abstracttext&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;
	METHOD:&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abstracttext label=&quot;METHOD&quot; nlmcategory=&quot;METHODS&quot;&gt;In 9 focus groups, we examined perspectives of &amp;quot;successful aging&amp;quot; in 49 middle-aged and older individuals living with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, or postpolio syndrome. Transcripts were analyzed using a structured qualitative coding approach and Dedoose indexing software.&lt;/abstracttext&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;
	RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abstracttext label=&quot;RESULTS&quot; nlmcategory=&quot;RESULTS&quot;&gt;Participants ranged in age from 45 to 80 years (M = 62) and had lived with their disability diagnosis for an average of 21 years. Analysis revealed 4 primary themes of successful aging: resilience/adaptation, autonomy, social connectedness, and physical health (including access to general and specialty healthcare).&lt;/abstracttext&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;
	DISCUSSION:&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abstracttext label=&quot;DISCUSSION&quot; nlmcategory=&quot;CONCLUSIONS&quot;&gt;Results highlight the need for a nuanced application of the &amp;quot;successful aging&amp;quot; paradigm in this population.&lt;/abstracttext&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">290</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silverman, Arielle M</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitonyak, Jennifer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Ian K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartin, Deborah A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Instilling positive beliefs about disabilities: pilot testing a novel experiential learning activity for rehabilitation students.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">occupational therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1292321</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Purpose: To develop and test a novel impairment simulation activity to teach beginning rehabilitation students how people adapt to physical impairments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Methods: Masters of Occupational Therapy students (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;14) and Doctor of Physical Therapy students (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;18) completed the study during the first month of their program. Students were randomized to the experimental or control learning activity. Experimental students learned to perform simple tasks while simulating paraplegia and hemiplegia. Control students viewed videos of others completing tasks with these impairments. Before and after the learning activities, all students estimated average self-perceived health, life satisfaction, and depression ratings among people with paraplegia and hemiplegia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Results: Experimental students increased their estimates of self-perceived health, and decreased their estimates of depression rates, among people with paraplegia and hemiplegia after the learning activity. The control activity had no effect on these estimates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Conclusions: Impairment simulation can be an effective way to teach rehabilitation students about the adaptations that people make to physical impairments. Positive impairment simulations should allow students to experience success in completing activities of daily living with impairments. Impairment simulation is complementary to other pedagogical methods, such as simulated clinical encounters using standardized patients.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Implication of Rehabilitation:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		It is important for rehabilitation students to learn how people live well with disabilities.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		Impairment simulations can improve students&amp;rsquo; assessments of quality of life with disabilities.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		To be beneficial, impairment simulations must include guided exposure to effective methods for completing daily tasks with disabilities.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epub</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silverman, Arielle M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohen, Geoffrey L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solace in Solidarity: Disability Friendship Networks Buffer Well-Being.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 Apr 10</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: &lt;/b&gt;To determine whether having friends who share one&amp;#39;s disability experiences is associated with higher well-being, and whether these friendships buffer well-being from disability-related stressors. Research Method/Design: In 2 cross-sectional studies, adults with long-term physical disabilities identified close friends who shared their diagnosis. We assessed well-being as a function of the number of friends that participants identified in each group. Study 1 included 71 adults with legal blindness living in the United States, while Study 2 included 1,453 adults in the United States with either muscular dystrophy (MD), multiple sclerosis (MS), post-polio syndrome (PPS), or spinal cord injury (SCI).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;In Study 1, having more friends sharing a blindness diagnosis was associated with higher life satisfaction, even controlling for the number of friends who were not blind. In Study 2, Participants with more friends sharing their diagnosis reported higher quality of life and satisfaction with social role participation. Participants with more friends sharing their diagnosis also showed and attenuated associations between the severity of their functional impairment and their quality of life and social role satisfaction, suggesting that their friendships buffered the impact of their functional impairment on well-being. Participants reporting more friends with any physical disability showed similar benefits.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Friends with disabilities can offer uniquely important informational and emotional support resources that buffer the impact of a functional impairment on well-being. Psychosocial interventions should help people with long-term disabilities build their peer support networks. (PsycINFO Database Record&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crabb, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appraisal of Personal Support Workers by Medicaid Managed Care Enrollees Aging with Disabilities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Expo</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silverman, Arielle M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouncing back again, and again: a qualitative study of resilience in people with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Feb 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning of resilience, factors facilitating resilience and barriers to resilience, from the perspective of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), their care partners and community stakeholders. Method We conducted four focus groups: two with middle-aged (36-62 years) individuals with MS [one with men (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;6) and one with women (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;6)], one for partners of individuals with MS (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;11) and one with community stakeholders serving people with MS (n&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;9). We asked participants to describe what resilience means to them, what factors facilitate resilience and what barriers to resilience they perceive. We analyzed the focus group transcripts for emerging themes and sub-themes. Results Participants found it difficult to generate a concise definition of resilience, but they generated evocative descriptions of the concept. Psychological adaptation, social connection, life meaning, planning and physical wellness emerged as facilitators of resilience. Resilience depletion, negative thoughts and feelings, social limitations, social stigma and physical fatigue emerged as barriers to resilience. Conclusion The unpredictable nature of MS can present unique challenges to resilient adjustment, especially during middle age. However, several factors can contribute to resilience and quality of life, and these factors are amenable to intervention. Implications for Rehabilitation Resilience is the capacity to bounce back and thrive when faced with challenges. People with MS develop resilience through psychological adaptation, social connection, life meaning, planning ahead and physical wellness. Barriers to resilience with MS include burnout, negative thoughts and feelings, social difficulties, stigma and fatigue. Interventions should address both individual and social factors that support resilience, such as promoting positive thinking, planning and engagement in meaningful activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Care coordination experiences of people with disabilities enrolled in medicaid managed care.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Aug 22</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: To understand the impact of experience and contacts with care coordinators on Medicaid Managed Care (MMC) enrollees with disabilities. METHOD: Primary data was collected from a random sample of 6000 out of the 100,000 people with disabilities enrolled in one state&amp;#39;s mandatory MMC program. Surveys were conducted through the mail, telephone, and Internet; 1041 surveys were completed. The sample used for analysis included 442 MMC enrollees who received care coordination. Regression analyses were conducted with the outcomes of number of unmet health care needs and enrollee appraisal of the health services they received. Race, age, gender, and disability variables controlled for demographic differences, and the independent variables included enrollee experience with a care coordinator (coordinator knowledge of enrollee medical history and whether the coordinator took into account enrollee wishes and input) and frequency of contact with a care coordinator. RESULTS: Positive enrollee experiences with care coordinators significantly related to more positive enrollee health service appraisals and fewer unmet health care needs; frequency of contact did not have any significant impacts. People with mental health disabilities and intellectual/developmental disabilities had significantly lower health service appraisals. People with mental health disabilities had significantly more unmet needs. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of care coordination, but not frequency of contact alone, is associated with better health outcomes for MMC enrollees. Implications for rehabilitation Care coordination is a core component of managed care and facilitates effective healthcare management for people with complex chronic conditions and disabilities. Better experiences with care coordinators is related to fewer unmet healthcare needs and more positive health care service appraisals for Medicaid managed care enrollees. The continuous development of person-centered care coordination strategies and training programs emphasizing quality relationships between coordinators and consumers should be prioritized.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Closing the gap for people aging with disability: adaptation as a translational research strategy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of North America</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crabb, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiences of Medicaid Enrollees with Disabilities in the Transition to Managed Care: Qualitative Analysis of Consumer Survey Responses</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Expo</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crabb, C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The impact of family input and involvement on health and long-term services and supports appraisals and unmet needs of older adults and adults with disabilities enrolled in Medicaid managed care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of North America</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagli, Nikki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence and age of onset of chronic comorbid health conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of North America</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, Karlyn A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Battalio, Samuel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relative Importance of Baseline Pain, Fatigue, Sleep, and Physical Activity: Predicting Change in Depression in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Mar 23</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To determine whether baseline levels of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and physical activity measured at the initial assessment predicted the development of or improvement of depression 3.5 years later, while controlling for sex, age, and disease severity. DESIGN: Observational, longitudinal survey study. SETTING: A community-based population sample. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) (N=489). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Primary outcome was classification of depression group measured using a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 cutoff score&amp;nbsp;&amp;ge;10, indicating probable major depression. RESULTS: Fatigue severity (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.26; P&amp;lt;.0001) and sleep disturbance (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.10; P=.001) predicted probable major depression 3.5 years later among those not depressed at the initial assessment. An effect of age (odds ratio, .96; 95% confidence interval, .92-.99; P=.008) was found among those who developed depression, indicating that younger adults were more likely to develop depression. Pain, fatigue, sleep, and physical activity at baseline were not significantly associated with recovery from depression among those depressed at the initial assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue and sleep may contribute to the development of depression. Clinical trial research targeting these variables to determine their influence on depression is warranted.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Battalio, Samuel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silverman, Arielle M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, Karlyn A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resilience and Function in Adults With Physical Disabilities: An Observational Study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Dec 18</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;To determine if resilience is uniquely associated with functional outcomes (satisfaction with social roles, physical functioning, and quality of life) in individuals with physical disabilities, after controlling for measures of psychological health (depression and anxiety) and symptom severity (pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance); and to examine the potential moderating effect of sex, age, and diagnosis on the hypothesized associations between resilience and function.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;Cross-sectional survey study.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;SETTING: &lt;/b&gt;Surveys were mailed (81% response rate) to a community sample of 1949 individuals with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, postpoliomyelitis syndrome, or spinal cord injury. Participants were recruited through the Internet or print advertisement (28%), a registry of previous research participants who indicated interest in future studies (21%), a departmental registry of individuals interested in research (19%), disability-specific registries (18%), word of mouth (10%), or other sources (3%).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PARTICIPANTS: &lt;/b&gt;Convenience sample of community-dwelling adults aging with physical disabilities (N=1574), with a mean Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10 items) score of&amp;nbsp;29.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTERVENTIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Not applicable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: &lt;/b&gt;Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures of Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities and Physical Functioning, the World Health Organization&amp;#39;s brief Older People&amp;#39;s Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10 items).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;After controlling for age, age squared, sex, diagnosis, psychological health, and symptom severity, resilience was significantly and positively associated with satisfaction with social roles (&amp;beta;=.17, P&amp;lt;.001) and quality of life (&amp;beta;=.39, P&amp;lt;.001), but not physical function (&amp;beta;=.04, P&amp;gt;.05). For every 1-point increase in scores of resilience, there was an increase of .50 in the quality of life score and .20 in the satisfaction with social roles score. Sex also moderated the association between resilience and satisfaction with social roles (F1,1453=4.09, P=.043).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;The findings extend past research, providing further evidence indicating that resilience plays a unique role in nonphysical functional outcomes among individuals with physical disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gillanders, David T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The role of pain acceptance on function in individuals with disabilities: a longitudinal study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acceptance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain intensity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical function</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep quality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">247-54</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Having higher levels of pain acceptance has been shown to be associated positively with quality of life in patients with chronic pain, but its role in adjustment to chronic pain among individuals with physical disabilities living in the community is not known. Moreover, issues related to item overlap between measures of pain acceptance and measures of patient function have limited the conclusions that can be drawn from previous research in this area. To better understand the role that pain acceptance plays in patient function, we administered measures of pain acceptance, pain intensity, depressive symptoms, and function to 392 individuals with physical disabilities, and the pain, symptom, and function measures were readministered 3.5 years later. Analyses evaluated the main and interaction effects of initial pain acceptance on subsequent changes in pain and function. Having higher levels of pain acceptance-in particular as reflected by a willingness to engage in activities despite pain-resulted in less increase in pain intensity and more improvements in pain interference, physical function, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The findings indicate that previous research supporting the importance of pain acceptance to function in patients from health care settings extends to individuals with chronic pain living in the community. Moreover, they indicate that pain acceptance may have long-lasting (up to 3.5 years) beneficial effects on subsequent pain and function and on the association between change in pain and depression. Research to examine the potential benefits of community-based treatments that increase pain acceptance is warranted.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-reported incidence and age of onset of chronic comorbid medical conditions in adults aging with long-term physical disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Feb 18</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Adults with long-term disability are living longer and may experience accelerated aging. More information is needed to understand the incidence of chronic comorbid medical conditions in this population. OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence, prevalence, age of onset and predictors of five chronic conditions in a sample of adults with long-term physical disability. METHODS: Longitudinal self-report surveys were mailed to 1594 adults with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome or spinal cord injury twice, 3.5 years apart. Survey questions assessed demographics (date of birth, sex, income, disability type, height/weight), self-reported diagnosis of coronary heart disease, hypertension, arthritis, diabetes and cancer, and health behaviors (alcohol use, smoking, physical activity). RESULTS: Over the course of the study, the most commonly reported new onset chronic comorbid medical condition was arthritis (percent incidence&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;14%), followed by hypertension (9%) and cancer (7%). Report of a new condition was greatest in adults aged between 56 and 65 years, and risk factors included greater BMI, waist circumference, and the presence of another chronic comorbid medical condition at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic comorbid medical conditions are prevalent in persons with long-term physical disability. Midlife appears to be the period of greatest risk for onset of a new condition, and risk for incidence increases in the presence of other chronic comorbid medical conditions. Modifiable risk factors include BMI and waist circumference. Future research should explore whether changes in modifiable factors at midlife or earlier (e.g., diet, exercise) would help prevent or delay onset of comorbid conditions in this population.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successful aging with long-term disability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of North America</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagli, Nikki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testing the efficacy of an evidence-based wellness program for older adults with physical disability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of North America</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, Hyewon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Park, Ryoungsun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bocell, Fraser D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testing the measurement invariance of the University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale short form across four diagnostic subgroups.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qual Life Res</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Apr 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: The University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-SES) was originally developed for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI). This study evaluates the measurement invariance of the 6-item short form of the UW-SES across four disability subgroups. Evidence of measurement invariance would extend the UW-SES for use in two additional diagnostic groups: muscular dystrophy (MD) and post-polio syndrome (PPS). METHODS: Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate successive levels of measurement invariance of the 6-item short form, the UW-SES: (a) configural invariance, i.e., equivalent item-factor structures between groups; (b) metric invariance, i.e., equivalent unstandardized factor loadings between groups; and (c) scalar invariance, i.e., equivalent item intercepts between groups. Responses from the four groups with different diagnostic disorders were compared: MD (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;172), MS (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;868), PPS (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;225), and SCI (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;242). RESULTS: The results of this study support that the most rigorous form of invariance (i.e., scalar) holds for the 6-item short form of the UW-SES across the four diagnostic subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that the 6-item short form of the UW-SES has the same meaning across the four diagnostic subgroups. Thus, the 6-item short form is validated for people with MD, MS, PPS, and SCI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauer, Cara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denison, Paige</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adapting an Evidence-Based Wellness Program for Older Adults with Long-Term Physical Disabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workshop at the American Society on Aging's (ASA) Aging in America (AiA) Conference, Chicago, Illinois</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Description&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Recent efforts have focused on enhancing wellness in community living seniors using evidence-based health promotion programs. However, very few of these programs have been tested in individuals aging with long-term physical disabilities (LTPD), such as muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome or spinal cord injury. This presentation describes a new academic-community partnership to adapt and test a NCOA endorsed intervention (EnhanceWellness) in people aging with LTPD.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Objectives&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		By the end of this presentation attendees will be able to describe EnhanceWellness, an NCOA endorsed community-based health promotion program for older adults.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		By the end of this presentation attendees will understand the prevalence and impact of long-term physical disabilities, including spinal cord injury and muscular dystrophy, in older adults.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		By the end of this presentation attendees will be able to describe necessary adaptations to make interventions originally designed for older adults applicable for those aging with long-term physical disability.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		By the end of this presentation attendees will have an appreciation for the challenges and opportunities present in integration of aging and physical disability service networks.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Outcomes&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pilot data from our first participants (n=8), which will include standardized scales measuring quality of life, emotional well-being, physical and social health and overall satisfaction with the program. Discussion of the adaptation process, including lessons learned, identification of challenges, and ways to remediate the inter-institutional and cultural barriers that exist between disability researchers and community agencies providing services to older adult&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with and Aging into Disability</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presentation for the Gerontological Professionals Network sponsored by the University of Washington's School of Nursing de Tournyay Center for Healthy Aging, Seattle, WA</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ipsen, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravesloot, Craig</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association Between Age, Distress, and Orientations to Happiness in Individuals With Disabilities.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Purpose/Objective: To determine how age and distress are associated in individuals with disabilities, and how happiness and its components (meaning, pleasure, and engagement) mediate or moderate this relationship. Research Method/Design: These were cross-sectional analyses of survey data from 508 community-dwelling adults with a variety of self-reported health conditions and functional disabilities. Measures included the Orientations to Happiness Questionnaire and items from the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: Greater distress was associated with lower global happiness in both mediation and moderation models. The mediation model showed that middle-aged participants (age: 45-64) scored lowest in global happiness, and the effect of age on distress was partially mediated by happiness. None of the happiness components mediated the relationship of age on distress. The moderation model showed a significant interaction effect for age and global happiness on distress, where younger participants low on happiness were significantly more distressed. Of the three happiness components, only meaning was significantly associated with distress. There was a significant interaction between age and meaning, where participants who were younger and scored low on the meaning scale reported significantly higher distress. Conclusions/Implications: Findings from this study lay groundwork for the development of clinical interventions to address distress in individuals with functional disabilities. Middle-aged and younger people with disabilities may be particularly affected by lower levels of happiness and might benefit from psychological interventions that focus on increasing overall well-being and providing meaning and purpose in life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMullen, Kara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brief Report: Sexual Function, Satisfaction and use of Aids for Sexual Activity in Middle-Aged Adults with Long-Term Physical Disability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">muscular dystrophy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">post-polio syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sexual dysfunction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spinal cord injury</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summer 2015, Volume 21, No 3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227-232</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Sexuality is an important aspect of quality of life in individuals with disabilities, yet little is known about what factors contribute to sexual satisfaction as these individuals age. Method: Middle-aged adults with physical disabilities completed a cross-sectional survey that included measures of sexual activity, function, and satisfaction. Results: Consistent with studies of able-bodied adults, sexual function was the strongest predictor of satisfaction. however, depression also predicted sexual satisfaction for women. Use of aids for sexual activity varied by disability type and was generally associated with better function. Lowest levels of sexual satisfaction were reported by men with SCI. Conclusion: Depression may negatively impact sexual satisfaction in women, beyond contributions of sexual dysfunction, and effective use of sexual aids may improve function in this population.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beier, Meghan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elzea, Jamie L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A comparison of multiple patient reported outcome measures in identifying major depressive disorder in people with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Psychosom Res</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">550-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most prominent and debilitating symptoms in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet there is currently no consensus on the best instruments for depression screening in MS. More head to head comparisons of available screening instruments are needed to advise MS researchers and clinicians. METHODS: A cross-sectional comparison of the effectiveness of screening for MDD using multiple patient reported outcome (PRO) screeners against a modified SCID telephone interview was completed in 164 individuals with MS. Stratum goals were set for depression levels to ensure participation by people with borderline and higher levels of depression. Criterion standard was a modified SCID MDD module. PRO measures included the PHQ-9, BDI-FS, PROMIS depression, Neuro-QOL depression, M-PHQ-2, PHQ-2, and CESD. RESULTS: 48 (29%) individuals met the modified SCID criteria for MDD. The sensitivity of the PRO measures ranged from 60% to 100% while specificity ranged from 46% to 86%. The ROC area for the PRO measures ranged from 0.79 to 0.83. Revised (higher) cutoff scores were suggested by the ROC analyses for most self-reported screeners. LIMITATIONS: Enrollment was stopped early because of difficulties with recruitment. Several SCID recording could not be reviewed and diagnosis confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: CESD-10 and PHQ9 had the best diagnostic performance using optimal cutoffs, but no one PRO measure stood out as significantly better than any other. Even when revised cutoff scores were used, none of the self-reported screeners identified people with MDD with adequate accuracy. More accurate self-reported screeners would facilitate diagnosing of MDD for both research and clinical purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elzea, Jamie L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, Laura E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efficacy of A Telephone-Delivered Self-Management Intervention For Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: a Randomized Controlled Trial With a One-Year Follow-Up.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">96</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1945-1958</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a telephone-delivered self-management intervention for fatigue, pain, and depression in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN: Single-center, randomized (1:1), single blind (outcome assessors) parallel-group trial with a primary end-point of post-treatment (9-11 weeks post-randomization) and long-term follow-ups at 6- and 12-months. SETTING: Telephone-delivered across the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with MS (N=163) with fatigue, chronic pain, and/or moderate depressive symptoms (age range 25-76 years). INTERVENTIONS: Eight-week individual telephone-delivered self-management intervention (T-SM: n=75) versus an eight-week individual telephone-delivered MS education intervention (T-ED: n=88). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion who achieved a &amp;gt; 50% decrease in one or more symptom - fatigue impact, pain interference, and/or depression severity. Secondary outcomes included continuous measures of pain, fatigue impact, depression, self-efficacy, activation, health-related quality of life, resilience, and affect. RESULTS: For our primary outcome, 58% of those in the T-SM and 46% of those in the T-Ed had a &amp;gt; 50% reduction in one or more symptom; this difference was not statistically significant (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.77 to 2.93, p = 0.238). Participants in both groups significantly improved from baseline to post-treatment in primary and secondary outcome measures (p &amp;lt; 0.05). T-SM participants reported significantly higher treatment satisfaction and therapeutic alliance and greater improvements in activation, positive affect, and social roles. Improvements were generally maintained at 6- and 12-months. CONCLUSIONS: Both interventions resulted in short- and long-term, clinically meaningful benefits. The study demonstrated that the telephone is an effective method for engaging participants in and extending the reach of care for individuals with MS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1945</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, I R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Expanding the Evidence Base for Community-Based Health Promotion in People with Disabilities: A Field Report</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral Presentation at NARRTC's Annual Conference, Alexandria, Virginia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia Noritake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finlayson, Marcia L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Falls Among Adults Aging With Disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Oct 19</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for falling among individuals aging with multiple sclerosis (MS), muscular dystrophy (MD), postpolio syndrome (PPS), and spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey data from 2009 to 2010 were analyzed. We used forward logistic regression models to examine whether risk factors such as age, sex, mobility level, years since diagnosis, vision, balance, weakness, number of comorbid conditions, and physical activity could distinguish participants who reported falling from those who did not. SETTING: Surveys were mailed to community-dwelling individuals who had 1 of 4 diagnoses (MS, MD, PPS, or SCI). The survey response rate was 91%. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of community-dwelling individuals (N=1862; age, 18-94y) with MS, MD, PPS, or SCI in the United States. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self-reported fall within the last 6 months. RESULTS: Fall prevalence for people with MS (54%), MD (70%), PPS (55%), and SCI (40%). Across all 4 groups, fall rates peaked in middle age (45-64y) and among people with moderate mobility limitations. Seven risk factors differentiated participants who fell from those who did not: mobility level, imbalance, age, curvilinear age (age(2)), number of comorbid conditions, duration of diagnosis, and sex. The models differed across diagnostic groups. CONCLUSIONS: People aging with long-term physical disabilities experience unique challenges that affect their risk of falls. A better understanding of the frequency, severity, and risk factors of falls across diagnostic groups is needed to design and implement customized, effective fall prevention and management programs for these individuals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snyder, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauer, C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From UW to US: Developing and Disseminating Evidence-Based Programs.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral Presentation at Lehmann's Day, Seattle, Washington</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravesloot, Craig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ipsen, Catherine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Happiness, Pain Intensity, Pain Interference, and Distress in Individuals with Physical Disabilities.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Mar 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine how the construct of happiness is related to pain intensity, pain interference, and distress in individuals with physical disabilities. DESIGN: This study involves cross-sectional analyses of 471 individuals with a variety of health conditions reporting at least mild pain. RESULTS: The first hypothesis that happiness mediates the relationship between pain intensity and two outcomes, pain interference and distress, was not supported. The second hypothesis was supported by a good fitting model (&amp;chi;10 = 12.83, P = 0.23, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.025) and indicated that pain intensity significantly mediated the effect of happiness on pain interference (indirect effect: &amp;beta; = -0.13, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and on distress (indirect effect: &amp;beta; = 0.10, P = 0.01). Happiness showed a significant direct effect on pain intensity (&amp;beta; = -0.20, P &amp;lt; 0.001). A third model exploring the happiness components meaning, pleasure, and engagement fitted well (&amp;chi;4 = 9.65, P = 0.05, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.055). Pain intensity acted as a significant mediator but only mediated the effect of meaning on pain interference (indirect effect: &amp;beta; = -0.07, P = 0.05) and on distress (indirect effect via pain interference: &amp;beta; = -0.04, P = 0.05). Only meaning (&amp;beta; = -0.10, P = 0.05), but neither pleasure nor engagement, had a significant direct effect on pain intensity. CONCLUSIONS: Participants who reported greater happiness reported lower pain interference and distress through happiness&amp;#39; effects on pain intensity. Experiencing meaning and purpose in life seems to be most closely (and negatively) associated with pain intensity, pain interference, and distress. Findings from this study can lay the groundwork for intervention studies to better understand how to more effectively decrease pain intensity, pain interference, and distress.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, Anne</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health services appraisal and the transition to Medicaid Managed Care from fee for service.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Oct 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Many states are transitioning fee-for-service (FFS) Medicaid into Medicaid Managed Care (MMC) for people with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: This study examined managed care&amp;#39;s impact on health services appraisal (HSA) and unmet medical needs of individuals with disabilities receiving Medicaid. Key questions included 1) Do participant demographics and enrollment in MMC impact unmet medical needs and HSA? 2) Within MMC, do demographics and continuity of care relate to unmet medical needs? 3) Within MMC, do demographics, unmet medical needs and continuity of care relate to HSA? METHODS: We collected cross-sectional survey data (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;1615) from people with disabilities in MMC operated by for-profit insurance companies (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;849) and a similar group remaining in FFS (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;766) in one state. Regression analyses were conducted across these groups and within MMC only. RESULTS: Across Medicaid groups, MMC enrollment was not related to either HSA or unmet needs; health status, having a mental health disability and unmet transportation needs related to HSA and health status, unmet transportation needs and having a mental health or physical disability related to higher unmet medical needs. Within MMC, in addition to better health and fewer unmet medical needs, less continuity of care significantly decreased HSA. Higher unmet transportation needs, poorer health status, having a physical or mental health disability, and less continuity of care significantly decreased unmet medical needs. CONCLUSIONS: This research points to the importance of meeting unmet needs of individuals in MMC and the need for increased continuity of care as people transition from FFS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26632026?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putnam, Michelle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali R. Truitt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measures of aging with disability in U.S. secondary data sets: Results of a scoping review.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Jul 22</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: There remain significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of aging with long-term disability. It is possible that important advances in knowledge could be gained using existing secondary data sets. However, little is known regarding which of the data sets available to researchers contain the age-related measures needed for this purpose, specifically age of onset and/or duration of disability measures. OBJECTIVE: To better understand the capacity to investigate aging with long-term disability (e.g. mobility limitation) and aging with long-term chronic conditions (e.g. spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis) using extant data. METHODS: Public use national and regional data sets were identified through existing reports, web-based searches, and expert nomination. The age- and disability-related variables, including age of onset and duration of disability, were tabulated for data sets meeting inclusion criteria. Analysis was descriptive. RESULTS: A total of N&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;44 data sets were reviewed. Of these, 22 contained both age and disability variables. Within these 22 data sets, 9 contained an age of onset or duration of disability variable. Six of the nine data sets contained age of diagnosis for a single or set of health conditions. Onset of functional limitation is in two, and onset of self-reported and/or employment disability is in four, of the nine data sets respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There is some, but limited opportunity to investigate aging with long-term disability in extant U.S. public use secondary data sets.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stobbe, G.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hertz, D.</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wundes, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unruh, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reynolds, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalb, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beier, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, K.</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MS ECHO: Innovative Project to Improve the Capacity of Providers  in Underserved Areas to Treat MS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, I R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Chronic Conditions: Aging with a Long-term Physical Disability</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral Presentation at the Healthy Aging Summit Washington, DC</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Multiple chronic conditions often lead to poor health outcomes for older adults and contribute to disproportionately high health care costs. Presenters from the North Carolina Division of Public Health, the University of Washington, the National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health, Elder Services of the Merrimack Valley, Inc., and the American College of Preventive Medicine will focus on policy, research, and resources for chronic disease self-management, long-term disability, and vision loss.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, KL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hertz, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stobbe, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis Project Echo: Outreach to Rural Providers to Provide Innovative Collaborative Training Using Video Conferencing</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral Presentation at NARRTC's Annual Conference, Anexandria, Virginia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Askew, Robert L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, Hyewon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, George H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Salene M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain affects depression through anxiety, fatigue, and sleep in multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depressive Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep Wake Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveys and Questionnaires</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-90</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: Over a quarter million individuals in the United States have multiple sclerosis (MS). Chronic pain and depression are disproportionately high in this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between chronic pain and depression in MS and to examine potentially meditational effects of anxiety, fatigue, and sleep. METHOD: We used cross-sectional data from self-reported instruments measuring multiple symptoms and quality of life indicators in this study. We used structural equation modeling to model direct and indirect effects of pain on depression in a sample of 1,245 community-dwelling individuals with MS. Pain interference, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance were modeled as latent variables with 2 to 3 indicators each. The model controlled for age, sex, disability status (Expanded Disability Status Scale), and social support. RESULTS: A model with indirect effects of pain on depression had adequate fit and accounted for nearly 80% of the variance in depression. The effects of chronic pain on depression were almost completely mediated by fatigue, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Higher pain was associated with greater fatigue, anxiety, and sleep disturbance, which in turn were associated with higher levels of depression. The largest mediating effect was through fatigue. Additional analyses excluded items with common content and suggested that the meditational effects observed were not attributable to content overlap across scales. CONCLUSION: Individuals living with MS who report high levels of chronic pain and depressive symptoms may benefit from treatment approaches that can address sleep, fatigue, and anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matter, B</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Practical Knowledge Translation: Consumers as Experts</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral Presentation at lehmann's Day, Seattle, Washington</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, KL</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation and Independent Living: Exploring models for building Successful Collaboration and Outcomes</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panelist on a Plenary Presentation for NARRTC's Annual Conference, Alexandria, Virginia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silverman, Arielle M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resilience Predicts Functional Outcomes in People Aging With Disability: A Longitudinal Investigation.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Mar 7</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: To investigate the links between resilience and depressive symptoms, social functioning, and physical functioning in people aging with disability and to investigate the effects of resilience on change in functional outcomes over time. DESIGN: Longitudinal postal survey. SETTING: Surveys were mailed to a community sample of individuals with 1 of 4 diagnoses: multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, postpoliomyelitis syndrome, or spinal cord injury. The survey response rate was 91% at baseline and 86% at follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of community-dwelling individuals (N=1594; age range, 20-94y) with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, postpoliomyelitis syndrome, or spinal cord injury. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (to assess depressive symptoms) and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (to assess social role satisfaction and physical functioning). RESULTS: At baseline, resilience was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=-.55) and positively correlated with social and physical functioning (r=.49 and r=.17, respectively). Controlling for baseline outcomes, greater baseline resilience predicted a decrease in depressive symptoms (partial r=-.12) and an increase in social functioning (partial r=.12) 3 years later. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are consistent with a view of resilience as a protective factor that supports optimal functioning in people aging with disability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas E. McNalley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali R. Truitt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katherine G. Schomer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review of Secondary Health Conditions in Postpolio Syndrome: Prevalence and Effects of Aging.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Aug 13</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: This study sought to better understand the prevalence and the severity of secondary health conditions in individuals with postpolio syndrome (PPS) as well as the association between these conditions and aging. DESIGN: A scoping literature review was conducted searching electronic databases for studies published from 1986 to 2011. The scoping review provided information regarding the prevalence and associations of secondary health conditions in PPS with age or other duration-related variables. RESULTS: The findings indicate that (1) individuals with PPS experience a number of serious secondary health conditions; (2) the most common conditions or symptoms are fatigue, pain, respiratory and sleep complaints, and increased risk for falls; (3) reports of the associations between the frequency or the severity of conditions and age-related factors are variable, perhaps because of methodological inconsistencies between studies; and (4) there is a marked lack of longitudinal research examining the natural course of health conditions in people aging with PPS. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal research is needed to understand the course of health conditions and the impact of multiple secondary conditions in people aging with PPS. Efforts are also needed to develop and test the efficacy of interventions to prevent these secondary health conditions or reduce their negative impact.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verall, AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, KL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, K M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matter, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, I</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Translating Research Findings into Useful Tools for Patients and Providers</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at Lehmann's Day, Seattle, Washington</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodakowski, Juleen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skidmore, Elizabeth R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, Stewart J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Begley, Amy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhule, Olive D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boninger, Michael L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Additive effect of age on disability for individuals with spinal cord injuries.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age of Onset</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injury Severity Score</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Length of Stay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paraplegia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quadriplegia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment Outcome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1076-82</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To examine the additive effect of age on disability for adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: SCI Model Systems. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with SCI (median age at injury, 32 y; range, 6-88 y) with a discharge motor FIM score and at least 1 follow-up motor FIM score who also provided measures of other covariates (N=1660). Of the total sample, 79% were men, 72% were white, 16% had incomplete paraplegia, 33% had complete paraplegia, 30% had incomplete tetraplegia, and 21% had complete tetraplegia. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary study outcome was the motor subscale of the FIM. A mixed-models approach was used to examine the additive effect of age on disability for individuals with SCI. RESULTS: When controlling for motor FIM at discharge from rehabilitation, level and severity of injury, age at injury, sex, race, and the age &amp;times; time interaction were not significant (P=.07). Age at the time of SCI was significantly associated with motor FIM (F1,238=22.49, P&amp;lt;.001). Two sensitivity analyses found significant interactions for both age &amp;times; time (P=.03, P=.02) and age &amp;times; time-square (P=.01, P=.006) models. Trajectory of motor FIM scores is moderated slightly by age at the time of injury. The older participants were at the time of injury, the greater the curvature and the more rapid decline were found in later years. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that age moderately influences disability for some individuals with SCI: the older the age at the time of injury, the greater the influence age has on disability. The findings serve as an important empirical foundation for the evaluation and development of interventions designed to augment accelerated aging experienced by individuals with SCI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, KL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, I R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with a Long-Term Physical Disability: Primary and Rehabilitation Care Use.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at the American Public Health Association’s Annual Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Introduction.&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp; People with disabilities and chronic conditions indicate high utilization of many types of health care in numerous settings. &amp;nbsp;People with long-term physical disabilities (LTPD), such as multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, and spinal cord injury, are living longer than ever.&amp;nbsp; Now, people with LTPDs&amp;rsquo; health may not only experience secondary conditions (pain, fatigue, depression) from their original disability, but aging as well.&amp;nbsp; In this study we examined the use of primary and rehabilitation care by people aging with LTPD.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Methods.&lt;/u&gt; We identified needs, barriers / facilitators, and predisposing characteristics of primary and rehabilitation care use from a self-reported survey collected in 2012&amp;ndash;2013 of community dwelling people aging with LTPD. &amp;nbsp;We used Anderson&amp;rsquo;s model of health services utilization as a conceptual model.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Results&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; The survey was completed by 1,369 people with LTPD with a mean age of 63 years.&amp;nbsp; In the last 12 months, 70% reported seeing a primary care provider (PCP) and 65% a rehabilitation provider.&amp;nbsp; The most common need predicting PCP use was severe mobility limitation and pain interference.&amp;nbsp; For seeing rehabilitation providers the main predictor, also a need, was all ranges of mobility issues (mild to severe).&amp;nbsp; Relative to men, women with LTPD were less likely to see a PCP.&amp;nbsp; Surprisingly, socioeconomic status and health insurance coverage were not predictors of health care usage.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusion&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; Needs, overwhelmingly mobility driven, affect use of health services among people with LTPD.&amp;nbsp; More research is needed to further describe the complex health care usage of people aging with LTPD.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with a Physical Disability in Medicaid Managed Care</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at the American Public Health Association’s Annual Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; This study examines the health care experiences and access of people with disabilities in Medicaid receiving managed care (MC) versus those in fee for services (FFS) health care over two years&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; The study uses survey data from 817 individuals (430 in MC and 387 in FFS) two years after the start of the MC initiative in addition to encounter data on health care utilization from the population of 39,653 in MC and 68,839 in FFS. The survey includes measures of health care appraisal, ease of receiving medication, and ease of using transportation. Health care utilization comprises emergency room (ER) use and days in the hospital. &amp;nbsp;Regression analyses with these outcomes included the Independent variables of age, gender, race, disability type, and enrollment in MC versus FFS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Health care appraisal and ease of receiving medication did not differ between the MC and FFS groups. However, people with physical disabilities in MC reported a worse appraisal versus FFS, while people with a mental health disability in MC reported a better appraisal versus people in FFS (p&amp;lt;.05). Also, people with physical disabilities had better access to prescriptions in MC (p &amp;lt;.05).Transportation assistance was more positive (p &amp;lt;.01) for people in MC. &amp;nbsp;Both ER use and days in hospital decreased (-8% and -18%) for people in MC and increased for people in FFS (5%).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: As MC approaches increase for Medicaid participants with disabilities it is important to assess the differential experiences of various disability groups within MC and in comparison to FFS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communicative participation restrictions in multiple sclerosis: Associated variables and correlation with social functioning.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Commun Disord</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epub Ahead of Print</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk for communication problems that may restrict their ability to take participation in important life roles such as maintenance of relationships, work, or household management. The aim of this project is to examine selected demographic and symptom-related variables that may contribute to participation restrictions. This examination is intended to aid clinicians in predicting who might be at risk for such restrictions and what variables may be targeted in interventions. Community-dwelling adults with MS (n=216) completed a survey either online or using paper forms. The survey included the 46-item version of the Communicative Participation Item Bank, demographics (age, sex, living situation, employment status, education, and time since onset of diagnosis of MS), and self-reported symptom-related variables (physical activity, emotional problems, fatigue, pain, speech severity, and cognitive/communication skills). In order to identify predictors of restrictions in communicative participation, these variables were entered into a backwards stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Five variables (cognitive/communication skills, speech severity, speech usage, physical activity, and education) were statistically significant predictors of communication participation. In order to examine the relationship of communicative participation and social role variables, bivariate Spearman correlations were conducted. Results suggest only a fair to moderate relationship between communicative participation and measures of social roles. Communicative participation is a complex construct associated with a number of self-reported variables. Clinicians should be alert to risk factors for reduced communicative participation including reduced cognitive and speech skills, lower levels of speech usage, limitations in physical activities and higher levels of education. Learning outcomes: The reader will be able to: (a) describe the factors that may restrict participation in individuals with multiple sclerosis; (b) list measures of social functioning that may be pertinent in adults with multiple sclerosis; (c) discuss factors that can be used to predict communicative participation in multiple sclerosis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fogelberg, Donald J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitiello, Michael V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffman, Jeanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of Self-Report Sleep Measures for Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis and Spinal Cord Injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Oct 23</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To investigate self-report measures of sleep disturbances and sleep-related impairments in samples of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) or spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Community based. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (age &amp;ge;18y) (N=700) with either MS (n=461) or SCI (n=239) who were enrolled in a longitudinal survey of self-reported health outcomes and who completed self-report sleep measures at 1 time point. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-S), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep disturbance short form, and PROMIS sleep-related impairments short form. RESULTS: Mean scores on the MOS-S sleep index II were significantly worse for both the MS and SCI samples than those of previously reported samples representative of the U.S. general population (P&amp;lt;.0001 for each group). The PROMIS sleep disturbance short form and PROMIS sleep-related impairments short form scores of the MS sample were also significantly different from those reported for the calibration cohort (P&amp;lt;.0001 on each scale). However, although the scores of the SCI sample were significantly different from those of the comparison cohort for the PROMIS sleep-related impairments short form (P=.045), the differences on the PROMIS sleep disturbance short form were not significant (P=.069). CONCLUSIONS: Although the MOS-S scores for the MS and SCI cohorts clearly indicated significantly high levels of sleep-related problems and were consistent with existing literature, the more ambiguous findings from the PROMIS sleep disturbance short form and PROMIS sleep-related impairments short form suggest that not enough is currently known about how these instruments function when applied to those with chronic neurologic dysfunction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratz, Anna L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chadd, Edmund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kehn, Matthew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroll, Thilo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An examination of the psychometric properties of the community integration questionnaire (CIQ) in spinal cord injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Spinal Cord Med</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Jan 3</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epub Ahead of Print</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Objective To examine the psychometric properties of the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) in large samples of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Longitudinal 12-month survey study. Setting Nation-wide, community dwelling. Participants Adults with SCI: 627 at Time 1, 494 at Time 2. Interventions Not applicable. Outcome measures The CIQ is a 15-item measure developed to measure three domains of community integration in individuals with traumatic brain injury: home integration, social integration, and productive activity. SCI consumer input suggested the need for two additional items assessing socializing at home and internet/email activity. Results Exploratory factor analyses at Time 1 indicated three factors. Time 2 confirmatory factor analysis did not show a good fit of the 3-factor model. CIQ scores were normally distributed and only the Productive subscale demonstrated problems with high (25%) ceiling effects. Internal reliability was acceptable for the Total and Home scales, but low for the Social and Productive activity scales. Validity of the CIQ is suggested by significant differences by sex, age, and wheelchair use. Conclusions The factor structure of the CIQ was not stable over time. The CIQ may be most useful for assessing home integration, as this is the subscale with the most scale stability and internal reliability. The CIQ may be improved for use in SCI by including items that reflect higher levels of productive functioning, integration across the life span, and home- and internet-based social functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue and Social Function in Persons with Physical Disability: A Short-term Longitudinal Analysis</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at International Society for Quality of Life's (ISOQOL) 21st Annual Conference, Berlin, Germany</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of Medicaid Managed Care on Health Services Appraisal and Access of Adults with Disabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at Gerontological Society of America’s (GSA) Annual Scientific Meeting, Washington DC</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; This study examines the health care experiences and access of people with disabilities in Medicaid receiving managed care (MC) versus those in fee for services (FFS) health care over two years&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; The study uses survey data from 817 individuals (430 in MC and 387 in FFS) two years after the start of the MC initiative in addition to encounter data on health care utilization from the population of 39,653 in MC and 68,839 in FFS. The survey includes measures of health care appraisal, ease of receiving medication, and ease of using transportation. Health care utilization comprises emergency room (ER) use and days in the hospital. &amp;nbsp;Regression analyses with these outcomes included the Independent variables of age, gender, race, disability type, and enrollment in MC versus FFS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Health care appraisal and ease of receiving medication did not differ between the MC and FFS groups. However, people with physical disabilities in MC reported a worse appraisal versus FFS, while people with a mental health disability in MC reported a better appraisal versus people in FFS (p&amp;lt;.05). Also, people with physical disabilities had better access to prescriptions in MC (p &amp;lt;.05).Transportation assistance was more positive (p &amp;lt;.01) for people in MC. &amp;nbsp;Both ER use and days in hospital decreased (-8% and -18%) for people in MC and increased for people in FFS (5%).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: As MC approaches increase for Medicaid participants with disabilities it is important to assess the differential experiences of various disability groups within MC and in comparison to FFS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ke-Yu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harniss, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patel, Shwetak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementing technology-based embedded assessment in the home and community life of individuals aging with disabilities: a participatory research and development study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112-20</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: The goal of the study was to investigate the accuracy, feasibility and acceptability of implementing an embedded assessment system in the homes of individuals aging with disabilities. METHOD: We developed and studied a location tracking system, UbiTrack, which can be used for both indoor and outdoor location sensing. The system was deployed in the homes of five participants with spinal cord injuries, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis and late effects of polio. We collected sensor data throughout the deployment, conducted pre and post interviews and collected weekly diaries to measure ground truth. RESULTS: The system was deployed successfully although there were challenges related to system installation and calibration. System accuracy ranged from 62% to 87% depending upon room configuration and number of wireless access points installed. In general, participants reported that the system was easy to use, did not require significant effort on their part and did not interfere with their daily lives. CONCLUSIONS: Embedded assessment has great potential as a mechanism to gather ongoing information about the health of individuals aging with disabilities; however, there are significant challenges to its implementation in real-world settings with people with disabilities that will need to be resolved before it can be practically implemented. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Technology-based embedded assessment has the potential to promote health for adults with disabilities and allow for aging in place. It may also reduce the difficulty, cost and intrusiveness of health measurement. Many new commercial and non-commercial products are available to support embedded assessment; however, most products have not been well-tested in real-world environments with individuals aging with disability. Community settings and diverse population of people with disabilities pose significant challenges to the implementation of embedded assessment systems.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrating Development of Self-Efficacy into Treatment Decisions</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral presentation at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s Convention, Orlando, Florida</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Summary&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Definitions:&amp;nbsp; &lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;People living with chronic communication problems such as aphasia learn to manage their own conditions.&amp;nbsp; They decide whether or not to adhere to exercise programs, to participate in social activities and roles, and to use the health-care resources available to them. Self-management is based on the idea that those with a chronic condition should take an active, central role in managing their disease, secondary conditions, and health care (Rae-Grant et al, 2011). Development of self-efficacy is an important component of self-management. &lt;u&gt;Self-efficacy&lt;/u&gt; is the belief in one&amp;rsquo;s ability to produce the effects or outcomes one wants (Bandura, 1977).&amp;nbsp; Because self-efficacy can be taught, speech-language pathologists should incorporate principles of self-efficacy into treatment plans.&amp;nbsp; Bandura suggests self-efficacy can be improved by focusing on four factors that are potentially amendable to intervention: performance accomplishment, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and maintenance of an optimal physiological state.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Background&lt;/u&gt; &lt;u&gt;of Qualitative &amp;amp; Quantitative Research&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Self-efficacy has been studied in people with various communication disorders including, voice disorders, stuttering, and hearing loss.&amp;nbsp; Recently, Runne (2012) conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with people in the chronic phase of stroke.&amp;nbsp; The five participants experienced either aphasia, dysarthria or both.&amp;nbsp; Questions related to their level of confidence regarding communication and the development of confidence over time.&amp;nbsp; Thematic analysis suggests that progress requires hard work, develops over a long period of time, and involves &amp;ldquo;working with what you have.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp; Participants indicated that their family member&amp;rsquo;s role should be one of encouragement and praise.&amp;nbsp; For healthcare providers, the suggestions included &amp;ldquo;treat me like an individual and take time to get to know me.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a series of focus groups, we asked people aging with chronic physical disability to help us define the meaning of &amp;ldquo;aging well with disability.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp; Many participants alluded to issues related to self-efficacy.&amp;nbsp; One participant told us, &amp;ldquo;successful aging with disability is recreating yourself.&amp;rdquo; Another indicated that successful aging was &amp;ldquo;to pull yourself up by your own bootstraps and do the things you need to do . . and want to do.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Treatment Decisions:&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp; In planning and implementing treatment, clinicians and clients should share in the decisions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Participation Focused Intervention&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Because it is important that intervention be individualized, targeted to real-world communication situations and focused on development of self-efficacy, we use the acronym PACE to describe a four step procedure for developing communication strategies (Yorkston et al, 2006):&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		Priorities: Given limited energy and resources, it is important for those with communication problems to set priorities, to define what is important.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		Awareness: After setting priorities, people with communication problems need to become aware of potential barriers to participation and the resources available to get around those barriers.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		Constructing the Strategies: &amp;nbsp;Many of the people describe a process where they begin to do things in a different way.&amp;nbsp; Changing how things get done involves constructing and employing a personal set of strategies.&amp;nbsp; At first this is done with the clinician and later, people with communication disorders can set priorities and construct potential strategies independently.&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
		Evaluation: An important last step in the development of strategies is to evaluate them by asking the question - does the strategy work for me? Evaluation involves weighing cost and benefits of the strategies and modifying them as needed.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Outcome Measures&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Because current healthcare trends demand documentation that healthcare services are regarded as valuable and bring about meaningful change from client perspectives, self-reported outcome measures are becoming increasingly important.&amp;nbsp; Self-reported measures of communicative participation are available (Baylor et al, 2013).&amp;nbsp; This item bank was developed using modern psychometric methods and validated with community-dwelling adults with various communication conditions.&amp;nbsp; A ten item short form is available.&amp;nbsp; A measure of self-efficacy for disease management has also recently been developed using rigorous psychometric methods.&amp;nbsp; Called the University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale, the full item bank contains 17 items with five response options ranging from &amp;lsquo;not at all (confident)&amp;rsquo; to &amp;lsquo;completely (confident)&amp;rsquo;. Examples of items include: Can you keep your [condition] from being the center of your life? and Can you figure out effective solutions to [condition] related issues that come up? A 6-item short form is also available.&amp;nbsp; Taken together these scales allow clinicians to document treatment outcome both in terms of enhanced participation and self-efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Understanding the nature of self-efficacy is important for a number of reasons.&amp;nbsp; First, self-efficacy has been shown to be a predictor of physical, cognitive and social functioning.&amp;nbsp; It is also associated with improved health status, health behaviors and reduced medical services usage. It may also be a valuable predictor of healthy aging in individuals with degenerative conditions such as multiple sclerosis. In addition to its value as a predictor, self-efficacy is important because it is increasingly seen as a fruitful target for intervention.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;References&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Amtmann, D., Bamer, A. M., Cook, K. F., Askew, R. L., Noonan, V. K., &amp;amp; Brockway, J. A. (2012). University of Washington self-efficacy scale: a new self-efficacy scale for people with disabilities. &lt;em&gt;Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 93&lt;/em&gt;(10), 1757-1765.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. &lt;em&gt;Psychological Review, 84&lt;/em&gt;, 191-215.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Baylor, C., Yorkston, K., Eadie, T., Kim, J., Chung, H., &amp;amp; Amtmann, D. (2013). The Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB):&amp;nbsp; Item bank calibration and development of a disorder-generic short form. &lt;em&gt;Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 56&lt;/em&gt;, 1190-1208.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rae-Grant, A. D., Turner, A., Sloan, A., Miller, D., Hunziker, J., &amp;amp; Haselkorn, J. (2011). Self-management in neurological disorders: Systematic review of the the literature and potential&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling Secondary Health Conditions in Adults Aging With Physical Disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Aging Health</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Aging Health</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr;26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335-59</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: To test a conceptual model of secondary health conditions, age, and function in persons aging with long-term physical disabilities. METHODS: Surveys were collected from 1,862 adults with spinal cord injury, neuromuscular disease, multiple sclerosis, or post-polio syndrome. Structural equation modeling was used to build a model describing relationships among physical and psychosocial secondary health conditions, pain, functional impairments, chronic medical conditions, and age. RESULTS: In total, 12 individual symptom or function domains (latent factors) were identified, grouped into 5 broader factors. Increasing age was associated with greater rates of physical and health problems and poorer function, and showed curvilinear relationships with pain and psychosocial difficulties. DISCUSSION: These data support a biopsychosocial model of secondary health conditions in adults aging with physical disability and suggest a five-factor approach for conceptualizing secondary conditions and their impact. Results also emphasize the importance of age in symptom severity and impact.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24388897?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity and symptoms and quality of life indicators of individuals with disabilities.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BACKGROUND: Health risks of obesity are well known, but effects of obesity on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) have not been well-studied in people with physical disabilities.

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: We examined the association between obesity and HRQOL in people with disabilities relative to the general US population. We hypothesized (a) overall, individuals with disabilities will report worse HRQOL than the general US population and (b) obese individuals with disabilities will report worse HRQOL than non-obese individuals.

METHODS: Individuals with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome, and spinal cord injury (N = 1849) completed Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures of fatigue, pain interference, physical and social function, depression, sleep disturbance, and sleep-related impairment. Participants were classified as obese or non-obese based on self-reported weight and height (BMI) and/or waist circumference (WC). PROMIS T-scores were compared to norms and between obesity groups.

RESULTS: Mean BMI was 26.4 kg/m(2) with 23.4% classified as obese. Mean WC was 37.5 inches (males) and 34.0 inches (females); 26.4% reported abdominal obesity. Based on BMI and/or WC, 33.3% (n = 616) were classified obese. Compared to PROMIS norms, obese individuals reported worse HRQOL on all domains (p &lt; 0.0001). Compared to non-obese individuals, obese individuals reported worse functioning on all domains except depression (p &lt; 0.01). Obese individuals with MS and MD reported worse outcomes than non-obese counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in people with physical disabilities is associated with poorer HRQOL. More research is needed to inform clinicians in identifying obese patients and helping them achieve healthy weight, reduce symptom burden, and improve QOL.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24411517?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Overview of persistent pain in older adults.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Feb-Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">197-207</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;With the shifting age demographics of the U.S. population, more psychologists will be asked to provide clinical services to older adults. Given the high prevalence of persistent pain in aging, in many cases this will mean providing empirically supported interventions for pain and the interference it creates. The purpose of this review is to provide a broad overview of the scope and impact of persistent pain in older people and to discuss mechanisms by which persistent geriatric pain can lead to suffering and disability. We consider the unique context of pain in older adulthood and review differences between older and younger people in terms of pain perception, the social network, beliefs about pain, pain-related coping, and adherence to pain medication. Finally, we discuss special issues affecting pain management in older adults, including dementia, polypharmacy, and barriers to accessing adequate pain care. This review also highlights a need for greater provider training in pain management to meet the needs of a changing U.S. population.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predictors of Self-Efficacy in Individuals Aging with a Disability</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satisfaction with Social Role</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-Efficacy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral presentation at the International Society fo Quality of Life's (ISOQOL) 21st Annual Meeting, Berlin, Germany</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;
	AIMS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To examine the association of self-efficacy (SE) related to management of chronic disease with demographic and clinical indicators in individuals aging with physical disability. Self-efficacy is a critical mediator of human behavior and an important target for interventions to improve health outcomes. Changes in SE have been reported to be the best predictors of response to rehabilitation treatments. Understanding the role of SE in people&amp;rsquo;s ability to successfully self-manage and live effectively with physical limitations is important for designing treatments that can lead to better quality of life (QOL).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
	METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-SES) that conceptualizes SE as perceived confidence in managing challenges related to living with a physical disability was used to measure SE. PROMIS&amp;copy; short forms (version 1) were used to measure pain interference, physical function, fatigue and social soles satisfaction. In addition to demographics we measured social support (the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), depression (PHQ9), resilience (the Connor-Davidson Resiliency scale), interference with participation, and falls. A multivariate regression model was used to examine associations between SE and demographics, and symptoms or QOL indicators.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
	RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;858 older people (aged 45+) with muscular dystrophy (MD: 18%), multiple sclerosis (MS: 32%), spinal cord injury (SCI: 26%), or post-polio syndrome (PPS: 24%) who participated in a study of aging with a disability responded to a mail survey. Of the 2,041 people invited 1,862 completed it (91% return rate). About a half of the participants were asked to respond to UWSES. The final multivariate model explained 68% of the variance in self-efficacy and included the following statistically significant independent variables: satisfaction with social roles, resilience, pain interference, interference with participation, social support, fatigue, and employment. Age, gender, marital status, education, income, physical function, depression, falls, and overall mobility were not found to be statistically significantly related to SE.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
	CONCLUSIONS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a strong link between SE, social variables and other clinical indicators including resilience, and symptoms of fatigue and pain. Interventions aimed at increasing SE in older adults living with physical disability should include strategies for improving social participation, increasing resiliency, and management of fatigue and pain. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wen-Hung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence and impact of pain in adults aging with a physical disability: comparison to a US general population sample.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin J Pain</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">307-15</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: To describe rates of pain and pain interference in a large sample of adults aging with long-standing physical disabilities, relative to a normative US population sample. METHODS: Self-report survey data was collected for a sample of 1877 individuals with spinal cord injury, neuromuscular disease, postpolio syndrome, or multiple sclerosis. Rates of pain severity and pain interference in these samples were then compared with those taken from a large normative sample (&amp;gt;20,000) collected through the NIH Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). RESULTS: Individuals with long-standing physical disabilities reported higher levels of pain and pain interference across the lifespan as compared with individuals in the normative sample. In general, individuals with disability did not experience an age-related decrease in pain and pain impact in contrast to those in the normative sample. For 3 disability groups (neuromuscular disease, postpolio syndrome, and multiple sclerosis), pain interference remained elevated and significantly higher than national norms in the &amp;quot;postretirement&amp;quot; period (ie, age 65 to 74). DISCUSSION: Results from this study provide a large scale data on prevalence rates of pain and pain interference in this population. Findings underscore the prevalence and impact of pain in persons with disabilities and suggest that individuals with disability may not experience the same degree of decrease in pain interference in later life that is typical of the US population. Those aging with disability may be especially at risk for pain-related impairment in later life.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychological factors associated with spinal disease in the elderly</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presentation at the North American Spine Society's Annual Meeting, San Franciso, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author></tertiary-authors><subsidiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></subsidiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resilience, age, and perceived symptoms in persons with long-term physical disabilities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Health Psych</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hpq.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/05/07/1359105314532973.full.pdf?ijkey=91rn6jjmQeglLhH&amp;keytype=ref</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">published online 8 May 2014</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Resilience may mitigate impact of secondary symptoms such as pain and fatigue on quality of life in persons aging with disability. &amp;nbsp;This study examined resilience in a large sample of individuals with disabling medical conditions by validating the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, obtaining descriptive information about resilience and evaluating resilience as a mediator among key secondary symptoms and quality of life using structural equation modeling. &amp;nbsp;Results indicated that the measure&amp;#39;s psychometric properties were adequate in this sample. &amp;nbsp;Resilience was lowest among participants who were middle-aged or younger, and participants with depression. &amp;nbsp;Resilience mediated associations between secondary symptoms and quality of life.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truitt, A R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scoping Review of Common Secondary Conditions After Stroke and Their Associations with Age and Time Post Stroke</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371 - 382</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miró, Jordi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social support, depression, and physical disability: Age and diagnostic group effects.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">164-72</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Social support is an important resource that may benefit individuals aging with physical disabilities, although its effects may vary depending on age, sex, and type of disability. OBJECTIVES: To (1) examine differences in social support - and how support might vary as a function of age and sex - in samples of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and muscular dystrophy (MD) and (2) understand the extent that associations between different support domains and depression might be moderated by disability diagnosis, sex and age. METHODS: A convenience sample (N&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;1416) of individuals with MS, SCI, and MD completed surveys that included measures of perceived social support and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: No significant support differences were found between diagnostic groups. There was a gradual decrease in social support with chronological age, and women reported more support than men, particularly friend support. Levels of perceived friend support were negatively associated with depression, and the associations between social support and depression did not differ as a function of age, sex, or diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Social support is similarly associated with lower levels of depression for men and women, across disability diagnoses and all ages. Being a man and being older may be associated with lower levels of perceived support. Research is needed to determine if interventions that improve support will decrease depression and improve quality of life in persons with disabilities, particularly for men and individuals who are aging.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMullen, Kara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carter, Gregory T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Symptom burden in persons with myotonic and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Memory Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myotonic Dystrophy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prognosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regression Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Severity of Illness Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sickness Impact Profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vision Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">387-95</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: This study examines the prevalence of pain, fatigue, imbalance, memory impairment, and vision loss in persons with myotonic and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and their association with functioning. DESIGN: A survey (N = 170) included measures of severity (0-10 scales) and course of these symptoms as well as measures of social integration, home competency, mental health, and productive activity. Descriptive and regression analyses examined the associations between symptoms and functioning. RESULTS: Fatigue (91%), imbalance (82%), and pain (77%) were the most commonly reported. The most severe symptom was fatigue (mean &amp;plusmn; SD severity, 5.14 &amp;plusmn; 2.81), followed by imbalance (4.95 &amp;plusmn; 3.25). Symptoms were most likely to stay the same or worsen since onset. Controlling for potential medical and demographic confounds, symptoms were associated with 17% of the mental health variance, 10% of home competency, 10% of social integration, 16% of productive activity for myotonic dystrophy type 1, and 12% of productive activity for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Pain, fatigue, and imbalance are common in persons with muscular dystrophy. Interventions may be useful to mitigate their impact on functioning. Further research should examine these relationships to guide clinical practices.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Melissa A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorn, Beverly E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toward a theoretical model for mindfulness-based pain management.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pain</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">691-703</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;UNLABELLED: Mindfulness, as both a process and a practice, has received substantial research attention across a range of health conditions, including chronic pain. Previously proposed mechanisms underlying the potential health-related benefits of mindfulness and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are based on a strong theoretical background. However, to date, an empirically grounded, integrated theoretical model of the mechanisms of MBIs within the context of chronic pain has yet to be proposed. This is a surprising gap in the literature given the exponential growth of studies reporting on the benefits of MBIs for heterogeneous chronic pain conditions. Moreover, given the importance of determining how, and for whom, psychological interventions for pain management are effective, it is imperative that this gap in the literature be addressed. The overarching aim of the current theoretical paper was to propose an initial integrated, theoretically driven, and empirically based model of the mechanisms of MBIs for chronic pain management. Theoretical and research implications of the model are discussed. The theoretical considerations proposed herein can be used to help organize and guide future research that will identify the mechanisms underlying the benefits of mindfulness-based treatments, and perhaps psychosocial treatments more broadly, for chronic pain management. PERSPECTIVE: This focus article presents an initial framework for an empirically based, theoretical model of the mechanisms of MBIs for chronic pain management. Implications of the framework for refining theory and for future research are addressed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, Randall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unmet Needs and Health Services Appraisal: The Role of Disability Type and Service Delivery Approach.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poster presented at the American Public Health Association’s Annual Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; This study examines unmet needs for and appraisal of health services for people with disabilities in Medicaid receiving managed care (MC) versus fee-for-service (FFS) service delivery approaches by disability type.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; The study uses survey data from 817 individuals receiving Medicaid in a Midwestern state. The disability type splits people into groups corresponding to their Medicaid waiver: intellectual/developmental (IDD, 193 respondents), physical (PD, 279), and mental health (MH, 198) disabilities and a group who don&amp;rsquo;t fit those groups (Other, 143). The delivery approach identifies people as receiving MC or FFS. &amp;nbsp;The survey measures health care appraisal and total unmet needs. A two-way ANOVA for those two outcomes with disability type and delivery approach as independent variables was followed by regressions including age, gender, race, disability, and delivery approach as independent variables.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Both health appraisal and unmet needs are significantly related to disability group but not with delivery approach. For unmet needs, other (1.59) and PD (2.19) have significantly (p&amp;lt;.05) fewer unmet needs than MH (3.16) and IDD (3.37). However, for health appraisal, only the other group had significantly (p&amp;lt;.05) higher ratings than ID or MH. Results of regression analyses show that unmet needs is negatively related (p&amp;gt;.01) to health appraisal and unmet needs is higher for people with physical and mental health disabilities (p&amp;lt;.01) than for people without those conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Unmet needs are important for health plans (MC or FFS) to address. These results specify for which disability types unmet needs are highest so healthcare providers can address them.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Validity and utility of the Brandtstadter Tenacious Goal Pursuit/Flexible Goal Adjustment measure in adults aging with long-term physical disabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral presentation at International Society for Quality of Life's (ISOQOL) 21st Annual Conference, Berlin, Germany</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;AIMS: Much evidence suggests age-related changes in the use of assimilative and accommodative coping. However, this area has received little attention in disability research, and no studies have tested the validity of widely used measures of this coping construct in adults aging with long-term physical conditions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of Brandtstadter&amp;rsquo;s 30-item Tenacious Goal Pursuit and Flexible Goal Adjustment scale (TGP/FGA) in a large sample of middle-aged adults with physically disabling conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;METHODS: 935 middle-aged individuals (aged 46&amp;ndash;67) with physical disability secondary to either spinal cord injury, post-polio syndrome, neuromuscular disease or multiple sclerosis completed a return-by-mail survey that included the 30-item TGP/&amp;nbsp;FGA scale, as well as measures of depression and quality of life.&amp;nbsp;Analyses included confirmatory factor analysis under the rubric of structural equation modeling.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;RESULTS: A model specifying the original 2-factor structure and using all 30 items was a poor fit to the data. Model trimming, including removing items with significant cross-loadings, resulted in a 2-factor structure containing 10 items each. Fit for this revised measure was acceptable [9 2/df = 3.48,&amp;nbsp;CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05], and internal consistency was established by Cronbach&amp;rsquo;s criteria ([0.70). Age was not significantly associated with the revised TGP subscale, but had a curvilinear relationship with the FGA subscale. Lower scores on TGP (&amp;szlig; = 0.32) and higher scores on FGA (&amp;szlig; = -0.32) subscales were associated with increased depressive symptoms (ps\0.001).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CONCLUSIONS: A 20-item version of the TGP/FGA measure demonstrates acceptable psychometric qualities in a sample of persons with physical disability. These results also emphasize that a shift toward more accommodative coping may be essential in promoting quality of life for those aging with long-term physical disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friedly, Janna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akuthota, Venu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick, Donald</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Why disability and rehabilitation specialists should lead the way in patient-reported outcomes.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leadership</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Outcome Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient-Centered Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Report</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1419-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratz, Anna L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsh, Adam T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acceptance of pain in neurological disorders: associations with functioning and psychosocial well-being.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depressive Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illness Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscular Dystrophies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain Measurement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Socioeconomic Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVE: Chronic pain acceptance has been shown to be related to positive adjustment to chronic pain in patients presenting with pain as a primary problem. However, the role of pain acceptance in adjustment to chronic pain secondary to a neurological disorder that is often associated with physical disability has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to examine whether two domains of chronic pain acceptance--activity engagement and pain willingness--predict adjustment to pain, controlling for pain intensity and key demographic and clinical variables in individuals with muscular dystrophy (MD), multiple sclerosis (MS), post-polio syndrome (PPS), or spinal cord injury (SCI).

METHOD: Participants were 508 community-dwelling adults with a diagnosis of MD, MS, PPS, or SCI who also endorsed a chronic pain problem. Participants completed self-report measures of pain acceptance, quality of life, pain interference, pain intensity, depression, and social role satisfaction.

RESULTS: Hierarchical linear regressions indicated that activity engagement predicted lower pain interference and depression, and greater quality of life and social role satisfaction. Pain willingness predicted less pain interference and depression. Together, the two pain acceptance subscales accounted for more variance in outcomes than did self-reported pain intensity.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings correspond with the broader pain acceptance literature, although activity engagement appears to be a more robust predictor of adjustment than does pain willingness. This research supports the need for future studies to determine the extent to which treatments that increase acceptance result in positive outcomes in persons with chronic pain secondary to neurological disorders.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23437995?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsh, Adam T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age and the role of restricted activities in adjustment to disability related pain.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Health Psychol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Health Psychol</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 May 29</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">025-1034</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Chronic pain is common in individuals with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury and is associated with depressed mood. This may be because pain creates interference in performing and enjoying valued activities. The importance of pain interference may also vary with age, since older adults may have lowered expectations regarding function. This study analyzed relationships among pain variables, age, and mood in 521 individuals with multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury. As predicted, pain interference mediated the relationship between pain severity and depressed mood. There was no evidence that older adults were less distressed by pain interference than were younger adults.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23720543?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Pat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with a disability and state vocational rehabilitation services.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Work</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Nov 27</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">441-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Disability prevalence in older adults is increasing. Given the low rates of employment among people with disabilities, especially those aging with multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), late effects of polio (LEP), and muscular dystrophy (MD), services from federal-state vocational rehabilitation (VR) programs could positively impact employment status. OBJECTIVE: To describe VR services for individuals aging with MS, SCI, LEP and MD and the impact of aging on employment status.PARTICIPANTS: Thirteen Washington State VR counselors and 26 individuals, 45 to 65 years old, with MS, MD, LEP or SCI. METHODS: We examined national Rehabilitation Services Administration data (2006, 2007), including case closure, service outcomes and other demographics. We then purposively selected Washington State for our study. Interviews provided consumer and counselor perspectives on the components of successful case closure (employed) and the impact of aging and disability on employment. RESULTS: Washington State and national data were similar. Organizational and individual factors influence the effectiveness of VR services. CONCLUSION: People who could benefit from VR services are not being served; those who are served, are getting neither comprehensive services nor high quality outcomes. Additional research is needed to understand the variables associated with effective use of VR services.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sullivan-Singh, Sarah J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borson, Soo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The association of age, pain, and fatigue with physical functioning and depressive symptoms in persons with spinal cord injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Spinal Cord Med</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Spinal Cord Med</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Affect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motor Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predictive Value of Tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regression Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Residence Characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">483-91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship of pain and fatigue with physical and psychological functioning in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.

SETTING: Community-based survey.

PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of individuals with SCI.

INTERVENTION: Not applicable.

OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical functioning (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Functioning item bank items), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), pain severity (0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)), and fatigue (0-10 NRS).

RESULTS: Pain and fatigue were independently associated with depression, but only pain was associated with physical functioning. Additionally, depression was more severe among middle-aged participants relative to younger or older participants. Physical functioning declined with increasing age, as well as with higher level of injury.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the need for continued development of effective treatments for both pain and fatigue in order to prevent and mitigate the negative effects these symptoms can have on functioning.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23941796?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Better Outcome Measures for Better Rehabilitation Outcomes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presentation at the 28th Annual Justus F. Lehmann Symposium, University of Washington, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, WA</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eadie, Tanya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, Hyewon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB): item bank calibration and development of a disorder-generic short form.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Speech Lang Hear Res</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calibration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dysarthria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Head and Neck Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkinson Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproducibility of Results</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Report</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Voice Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1190-208</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to calibrate the items for the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB; Baylor, Yorkston, Eadie, Miller, &amp;amp; Amtmann, 2009; Yorkston et al., 2008) using item response theory (IRT). One overriding objective was to examine whether the IRT item parameters would be consistent across different diagnostic groups, thereby allowing creation of a disorder-generic instrument. The intended outcomes were the final item bank and a short form ready for clinical and research applications. METHOD: Self-report data were collected from 701 individuals representing 4 diagnoses: multiple sclerosis, Parkinson&amp;#39;s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and head and neck cancer. Participants completed the CPIB and additional self-report questionnaires. CPIB data were analyzed using the IRT graded response model. RESULTS: The initial set of 94 candidate CPIB items were reduced to an item bank of 46 items demonstrating unidimensionality, local independence, good item fit, and good measurement precision. Differential item functioning analyses detected no meaningful differences across diagnostic groups. A 10-item, disorder-generic short form was generated. CONCLUSIONS: The CPIB provides speech-language pathologists with a unidimensional, self-report outcomes measurement instrument dedicated to the construct of communicative participation. This instrument may be useful to clinicians and researchers wanting to implement measures of communicative participation in their work.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Askew, Robert L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, Hyewon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development of a Crosswalk for Pain Interference Measured by the BPI and PROMIS Pain Interference Short Form</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2769-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Introduction:&amp;nbsp; To help researchers in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) take advantage of the measurement properties of the &lt;/span&gt;PROMIS&lt;span&gt; Pain Interference instrument while maintaining continuity with previous research, we developed and tested a crosswalk table to transform Brief Pain Inventory Pain Interference scale (BPI) scores to &lt;/span&gt;PROMIS-PI&lt;span&gt; short form (&lt;/span&gt;PROMIS-PI&lt;span&gt; SF) scores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Methods: The BPI and the PROMIS-PI SF were administered in two studies that included persons with MS. One sample of 369 participants served as a developmental calibration sample, and separate sample of 360 served as a validation sample. The crosswalk development included dimensionality assessment, item-level parameter estimation, and assessment of accuracy. BPI and PROMIS-PI T-scores were obtained from participants&amp;rsquo; item responses, and using the crosswalk table, PROMIS-PI T-scores were derived from responses to the BPI items. Differences between observed and crosswalked T-scores were compared in both samples.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Results: For BPI summary scores ranging from 0 to 10, corresponding T-scores ranged from 38.6 to 81.2. &amp;nbsp;The mean difference between observed and crosswalked T-scores was 0.51 (sd=3.9) in the calibration sample and -1.47 (sd=4.2) in the validation sample. Approximately 80% of crosswalked scores in the calibration sample were within 4 score points of the observed PROMIS-PI SF scores, and 70% were within 4 points in the validation sample. In both samples, the largest differences were at lower levels of the pain interference continuum.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Conclusions: Crosswalked pain interference scores adequately approximated observed PROMIS-PI SF scores in both the calibration and validation samples. Researchers and clinicians interested in adopting the PROMIS instruments can use this table to transform BPI scores to enable comparisons with other studies and to maintain continuity with previous research.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2769</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, M P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truitt, A R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schomer, K G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, K M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, I R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency and age effects of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: a scoping review.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">882-92</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;STUDY DESIGN: Scoping review. OBJECTIVES: To gain a better understanding of the prevalence, course and association with age of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING: Seattle, Washington, USA. METHODS: We performed searches of electronic databases for studies published from 1986-2011 that provided information regarding the prevalence, course or associations with age and duration of secondary health conditions in individuals with SCI. RESULTS: Ninety-two studies were included. The findings indicate that: (1) individuals with SCI experience a number of secondary health conditions, many of which occur at a higher rate in those with SCI than the normative population; (2) the most common conditions or symptoms are pain, bowel and bladder regulation problems, muscle spasms, fatigue, esophageal symptom and osteoporosis; (3) a number of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, bone mineral density loss, fatigue and respiratory complications or infections, occur with higher frequency in older individuals or those with longer SCI duration, relative to younger individuals or those with shorter SCI duration; and (4) there is a marked lack of longitudinal research examining the natural course of health conditions in individuals aging with SCI. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the conclusion that individuals with SCI show signs of &amp;#39;premature aging&amp;#39; in different organ systems. Longitudinal research is needed to understand when problems are most likely to emerge, and to develop and test the efficacy of interventions to prevent these health conditions and their negative impact.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126851?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutual Mentoring: Junior &amp; Senior Researchers' Problem Solving Forum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APA Rehabilitation Psychology Annual Conference</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APA Rehabilitation Psychology Annual Conference</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacksonville, FL</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Megan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dudgeon, Brian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A qualitative study of adult AAC users' experiences communicating with medical providers.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">472-81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: To study the experiences of adults who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems and methods when interacting with medical providers, specifically primary care providers. METHOD: Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted with 12 participants, four of whom also participated in an online focus group. Diagnoses of the participants included cerebral palsy, undifferentiated developmental disability, head and neck cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral sclerosis. Transcripts from the interviews and the focus group were analyzed to create a list of codes. From these codes themes that captured particular concepts discussed were identified. RESULTS: Participants described multiple frustrations in communicating with medical care providers. Themes that arose included: planning and preparing for the appointment, time barriers, inappropriate assumptions, relationship building and establishing rapport, medical decision making and implementing the plan. All but one participant reported bringing a caregiver with them to their appointments and this person, whether a family member, friend or paid aide, had a substantial role throughout the appointment. CONCLUSIONS: The participants&amp;#39; stories highlight important barriers they experience when communicating with medical providers. These barriers bring attention to the need for education for physicians, caregivers and patients with communication disabilities, along with increased research to improve patient-provider communication. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Patients with communication disabilities face multiple barriers to communicating with medical care providers. Patients, caregivers, and medical care providers all play a role in effective and ineffective communication during appointments. Education for medical care providers, caregivers, and patients with communication disabilities, along with increased research is needed to improve patient-provider communication.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali R. Truitt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katherine G. Schomer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artherholt, Samantha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawn Ehde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scoping Review of Health and Wellness Interventions for People Aging with and into Physical Disability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association's (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association's (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boston, MA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Introduction.&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp; There is an urgent need to increase knowledge, services, and evidence-based health and wellness (HW) interventions for people aging with and into disability as traditional aging services are expanding to serve this subpopulation. People who are aging with or into physical disabilities have high prevalence of comorbid conditions and health risk factors and this subpopulation is projected to increase dramatically in the next 20 years.&amp;nbsp; A scoping review of the HW intervention literature was conducted in order to: (1) assess the adaptability of the interventions for people aging with a physical disability and (2) contrast the interventions with evidenced-based HW interventions in aging populations that are being implemented across the U.S. on a larger scale.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Methods.&lt;/u&gt; PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed articles about adults with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, osteoarthritis, post-polio syndrome, and muscular dystrophy. The inclusion criteria for articles included:&amp;nbsp; (1) addressed promotion of HW in adults with physical disabilities; (2) focused on community-based behavioral or educational intervention that targeted HW.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Results&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; Data were extracted from 82 articles meeting inclusion criteria. The most common HW interventions included exercise, self-management, counseling, and health education, which often paralleled interventions being deployed by aging agencies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusion&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; There is support for adapting concepts and strategies from HW interventions from the fields of both aging and disability by applying standard adaptation models to create evidence-based HW interventions for the subpopulation of people aging with and into disability.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas E. McNalley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali R. Truitt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katherine G. Schomer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scoping Review of Secondary Health Conditions fo People Aging with Post-Polio Syndrome</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association's (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association's (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boston, MA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Introduction.&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp; Post-polio syndrome (PPS), occurring in approximately half of people who previous contracted polio, is characterized by increased weakness, pain and fatigue. Although this orphaned condition was nearly eradicated world-wide in the 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century, almost nothing is known about the trajectory of associated health conditions as people age or how these conditions can be distinguished from typical aging. &amp;nbsp;An environmental scan of the literature was conducted to establish a platform of shared knowledge to better understand the needs of this population. Specifically, this review examined the types, frequency, timing of onset, and severity of associated health conditions in persons aging with or into PPS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Methods.&lt;/u&gt; PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for data-based articles about adults with PPS using a list of 76 chronic conditions. Articles were included that explored prevalence / incidence, severity, frequency, duration, or life course of associated conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Results&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; Data were extracted from 57 articles. As expected, fatigue, pain, and muscle weakness were the most prevalent conditions.&amp;nbsp; In addition, a number of other conditions were reported: respiration problems, depression, sleep disturbance, injurious falls, bone or joint problems, cardiovascular health, diabetes, bladder function, and skin problems.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusion&lt;/u&gt;.&amp;nbsp; A number of potentially treatable health conditions are common in people aging with PPS.&amp;nbsp; The lack of longitudinal studies limits our ability to draw conclusions about age and duration effects. Such information is needed to guide home and community based services or care coordination delivered through the network of programs sponsored by the aging agencies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borson, Soo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Symptom Profiles in Individuals Aging with Post-Polio Syndrome.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Am Geriatr Soc</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1813-1815</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrill, Alexandra L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">To Pursue or Adjust: Examining a Measure of Coping Styles in Individuals Aging with Disability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APA Rehabilitation Psychology Annual Conference</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APA Rehabilitation Psychology Annual Conference</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacksonville, FL</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victorson, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manly, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallner-Allen, Kathleen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Nathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purnell, Christy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendrie, Hugh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Havlik, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harniss, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magasi, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gershon, Richard</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using the NIH Toolbox in special populations: considerations for assessment of pediatric, geriatric, culturally diverse, non-English-speaking, and disabled individuals.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cultural Diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Language</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Institutes of Health (U.S.)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Mar 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S13-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: In order to develop health outcomes measures that are relevant and applicable to the general population, it is essential to consider the needs and requirements of special subgroups, such as the young, elderly, disabled, and people of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, within that population. METHODS: The NIH Toolbox project convened several working groups to address assessment issues for the following subgroups: pediatric, geriatric, cultural, non-English-speaking, and disabled. Each group reviewed all NIH Toolbox instruments in their entirety. RESULTS: Each working group provided recommendations to the scientific study teams regarding instrument content, presentation, and administration. When feasible and appropriate, instruments and administration procedures have been modified in accordance with these recommendations. CONCLUSION: Health outcome measurement can benefit from expert input regarding assessment considerations for special subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11 Suppl 3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borson, Soo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with disabilities: Comparing symptoms and quality of life indicators of individuals aging with disabilities to U.S. general population norms.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Geriatrics Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Special Issue: 2012 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstract Book</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seattle, WA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S185</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Advances in medical care and rehabilitation have extended the lifespan of people with long-term physical disabilities. However, quantifying the excess burden of symptoms in persons aging with disabilities has been hindered by lack of common metrics across measures and clinical populations. The NIH-funded PROMIS initiative used modern psychometric methods to develop instruments that do use a common metric and provide US population norms for many important domains. The objective of the current study was to construct profiles of symptoms and QoL indicators in persons aging with a long-term disability and to compare them to US population norms. Methods: PROMIS short forms measuring 7 symptoms or QoL indicators (fatigue, pain interference with activities, physical and social function, depression, and sleep and wake disturbance) were completed by individuals with muscular dystrophy (264), multiple sclerosis (481), post-polio syndrome (445), and spinal cord injury (323) (total N=1513) participating in an ongoing longitudinal survey. Individuals aged 45-94 were included in this analysis. Scores for the overall sample, by diagnostic group and by age categories, were compared to the PROMIS US population norms. Results: Compared to the US general population, individuals aging with disabilities reported a higher symptom burden and poorer QoL on 6 of 7 measures (all p&amp;lt;0.0001). Only wake disturbance did not differ from the general population. Statistically significant differences ranged from a low of 2.4 points (sleep disturbance) to a high of 14.4 points (physical function) (T-score metric with a mean of 50 and sd of 10). Comparison to age group norms suggested that older (65+) individuals with disabilities experienced worse fatigue, more pain interference, higher depressive symptoms and lower social function than younger disabled groups.Differences between the disabled and general population groups in symptom burden and QoL widened with age; the oldest group, aged 75+, fared worst. Conclusions: Results clearly document that discrepancies in symptoms and QoL between the general population and people with disabilities increase with aging. Individuals with long-term disabilities constitute a subgroup of the aging population that may require specialized specialized models of health care to manage symptoms adequately, and optimize function and QoL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with longstanding physical disability: A focus group study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Geriatrics Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04000.x/pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s240</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: People aging with longstanding physical disability must deal with competing trajectories. Physical function is declining while confidence in the ability to cope is improving. Social support is likely to decline with retirement &amp;amp; aging significant others while medical management is improving thus increasing life expectancy. Methods: Four focus groups were conducted soliciting advice for health care teams seeing patients aging with a longstanding disability. Participants included people with spinal cord injury (N = 7), postpolio syndrome (N = 7), multiple sclerosis (N = 5), and muscular dystrophy (N = 4). All were at least 45 years of age and living with their disability for at least 8 years. Focus groups transcripts were reviewed and coded using Atlas.ti and a framework of themes was developed. Results: Four major themes emerged which are described in Table 1. Conclusions: Health care providers should acknowledge the skills that people with longstanding disability bring to the task of prioritizing their goals and managing their condition. Healthcare providers can assist them in developing individualized self-management interventions that help to maintain function and independence as they age.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body mass index and symptoms and quality of life indicators of individuals aging with disabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Francisco, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Introduction: People with disabilities (PWD) may find it more difficult to eat a healthy diet, control their weight, and be physically active. Health risks of obesity for PWD are well known, but the effects of obesity on secondary conditions and QoL has not been well established. Methods: PROMIS measures of fatigue, pain interference, physical and social function, depression, and sleep and wake disturbance were completed by individuals with muscular dystrophy (339), multiple sclerosis (579), post-polio syndrome (443), and spinal cord injury (488) (total N=1849) participating in an ongoing longitudinal survey of people aging with a disability. Self-reported weight and height were used to calculate BMI. T-scores by BMI categories were compared to the PROMIS US population norms. Results: The mean BMI of respondents was 26.4 kg/m2 with 5.3% classified as underweight (&amp;lt;18.5), 41.6% normal-weight (18.5&amp;lt;25), 29.7% overweight (25&amp;lt;30), and 23.4% obese (&amp;ge;30). Overweight and obese respondents tended to be older than normal weight individuals (p&amp;lt;0.05) and of male gender (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Compared to the US general population, individuals with disabilities reported a higher symptom burden and poorer QoL on all measures (all p&amp;lt;0.0001). Compared to the normal weight group obese individuals reported worse functioning on all QoL domains except depression (all p&amp;lt;0.05). In comparison to the overweight group the obese group also reported worse physical and social functioning, more fatigue and depression. Conclusion: Obesity in PWD is associated with a higher symptom burden and self-reported QoL. This should be considered when designing and deploying interventions to reduce obesity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, Laura E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenberg, Dori E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body mass index and waist circumference in persons aging with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome, and spinal cord injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Health Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177-84</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are well-understood in the general population, but are not adequately understood among persons with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare BMI and WC among individuals with muscular dystrophy (MD), multiple sclerosis (MS), post-polio syndrome (PPS), and spinal cord injury (SCI). BMI scores were also compared to normative data of the U.S. population, with consideration for age, sex, and mobility limitations. METHODS: Persons with MD (n = 339), MS (n = 597), PPS (n = 443), and SCI (n = 488) completed postal surveys that included self-reported BMI and WC data. NHANES data were used to compare the current sample with a representative US sample. RESULTS: Participants with PPS had higher BMI than participants with MD, MS, and SCI. In addition, participants with MS had significantly higher BMI relative to participants with SCI. BMI was significantly positively associated with age, years since diagnosis, mobility, and interactions of some of these factors. Relative to the general population, BMI was lower in MD, MS, and SCI across age groups, as well as in men with PPS and women ages 60-74 years with PPS. No significant differences were identified between MD, MS, PPS, and SCI in WC. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of group differences in BMI and absence of group differences in WC suggests that BMI may not accurately represent health risk in SCI, MD, and possibly MS, because of biasing elements of the conditions, such as changes in body composition and mobility limitations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22726858?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callahan, Leigh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keefe, Francis J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revicki, Dennis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roddey, Toni S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of pain behaviors in multiple sclerosis, back pain, and arthritis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22298117</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Aims: To compare pain behaviors in three samples: multiple sclerosis (MS), back pain, and arthritis using pain behavior frequency counts (video-taped), and self- and signiﬁcant other (SO)-responses to candidate items for a new pain behavior measure. Methods: A sample of patient/SO pairs (N=620 pairs) completed measures of pain, function, disability, and other pain correlates. In addition, a sample of 30 individuals with back pain, 26 with arthritis, and 30 with MS were videotaped for 10 minutes while sitting, standing, walking, and lying down. Videotapes were coded to obtain pain behavior frequency counts by category (guarding, sighing, bracing, rubbing, and grimacing) and total behavior counts. Results: Mean item responses (1 to 5 response scale) in MS, arthritis, and back pain were, respectively, 2.7 (SD=0.56), 2.7 (SD=0.71), and 3.0 (SD=0.69) Spearman correlation coefﬁcients between patient and SO pain responses were 0.55 (MS), 0.60 (arthritis), and 0.67 (back pain). Mean item score differences between self and SO item scores (1-5 response scale) were highest for persons with arthritis (0.08 higher) and lowest for persons with MS (0.02 higher). Self-reported pain behaviors and pain behavior frequency counts (videotapes) were moderately correlated and varied by item. Items with highest correlations were items about using a cane or other support (0.62), asking for help when walking (0.53), and the item, &amp;ldquo;You could hear it in my voice&amp;rdquo; (0.50). Classes of behaviors most correlated with self-report pain behaviors varied by diagnosis. In the back pain sample, guarding behavior counts had the strongest correlation with self-report (0.50). In the arthritis sample, the highest correlations were between self-reported pain behaviors and guarding (0.47) and total behavior counts (0.53). In the sample with MS, the highest values were for counts of rubbing (0.49) and total behavior counts (0.64). Conclusions: Pain behaviors vary somewhat by diagnosis but there also are substantial similarities. Signiﬁcant others reported higher levels of pain behaviors than were self-reported, but mean differences were less than 1 response category on a 1-5 response scale. The correlations among self-report, SO-report, and frequency counts based on videotaped observations support the validity of candidate items for a new pain behavior measure.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppl 1</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22298117</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noonan, Vanessa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lang, Nina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Jiseon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of the psychometric properties of two fatigue scales in multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation Psychology</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">159-66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Objective: To compare psychometric functioning of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS; Krupp, LaRocca, Muir-Nash, &amp;amp; Steinberg, 1989) and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS; MSCCPG, 1998) in a community sample of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Method: A self-report survey including the FSS, MFIS, demographic, and other health measures was completed by 1271 individuals with MS. Analyses evaluated the reliability and validity of the scales, assessed their dimensional structures, and estimated levels of floor and ceiling effects. Item response theory (IRT) was used to evaluate the precision of the MFIS and FSS at different levels of fatigue. Results: Participants had a mean score on the FSS of 5.1 and of 44.2 on the MFIS. Cronbach&amp;#39;s alpha values for FSS and MFIS were all 0.93 or greater. Known-groups and discriminant validity of MFIS and FSS scores were supported by the analyses. The MFIS had low floor and ceiling effects, and the FSS had low floor and moderate ceiling effects. Unidimensionality was supported for both scales. IRT analyses indicate that the FSS is less precise in measuring both low and high levels of fatigue, compared with the MFIS. Conclusions: Researchers and clinicians interested in measuring physical aspects of fatigue in samples whose fatigue ranges from mild to moderate can choose either instrument. For those interested in measuring both physical and cognitive aspects of fatigue, and whose sample is expected to have higher levels of fatigue, the MFIS is a better choice even though it is longer. IRT analyses suggest that both scales could be shortened without a significant loss of precision. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22686554?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenberg, Dori E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motl, Robert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artherholt, Samantha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression and physical activity among adults with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury, and post-polio syndrome</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.posters2view.com/ectrims2012/view.php?nu=969</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyon, France</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wen-Hung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revicki, Dennis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keefe, Francis J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cella, David</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Analysis of PROMIS Pain Intensity Scale.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/5h88546t283p1347/fulltext.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Aims: The primary objective of this study is to develop a PROMIS Pain Intensity Scale by evaluating the unidimensionality and completing item calibration of the pain intensity items developed in the PROMIS Wave I study. This document provides a summary of the item selection process based on the results of the conﬁrmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis. Methods: The PROMIS project is focused on developing item banks and assessment instruments for pain and other patient-reported outcome domains. The draft PROMIS pain related items were developed based on literature reviews, clinician interviews, and qualitative research with patients with pain. In addition to the three item banks related to pain (pain interference, pain quality, and pain behavior), six items were identiﬁed as pain intensity items. The data used in this study included: 1) PROMIS Wave I sample where internet survey data were collected from 838 participants who responded to all six pain intensity items and 5,059 participants who responded to at least one pain intensity item; 2) American Chronic Pain Association (ACPA) sample where 967 participants completed subset of the pain intensity items; and 3) Northwestern University sample where 532 participants completed another subset of the pain intensity items. Participants reporting no pain were excluded from the analysis. We evaluated inter-item correlations, conﬁrmatory factor analysis (CFA), item response theory analysis, and correlations with other PROMIS global items of these six pain intensity items. Results: Inter-item correlation ranges from 0.33 to 0.93. CFA shows good ﬁt of the six items to a unidimensional model: comparative ﬁx index (CFI)=0.989, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI)=0.986, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.093. Based on results of IRT analysis results three items are removed owing to local dependency and model misﬁt. The IRT slope parameters of the three remaining items were 1.84, 3.15, and 4.42. The category threshold parameters ranged from -2.30 to 3.23. Correlation with global pain item is 0.68, and 0.61 with PROMIS global physical health score. Conclusions: The PROMIS pain intensity scale provides a measure of characteristic pain that could be useful in clinical and research settings.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppl 1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goetz, Mark C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of pain and fatigue on physical functioning and depression in persons with muscular dystrophy.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Health Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">277-83</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Pain and fatigue are common symptoms experienced by persons with muscular dystrophy (MD). However, it is unclear from previous studies whether pain and fatigue have independent effects on physical functioning and depression, and whether age moderates the relationship of pain and fatigue with physical functioning and depression. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the relationship of pain and fatigue to physical functioning and depression in persons 20-89 years old with MD. METHOD: A convenience sample of 332 individuals with MD completed a questionnaire that included measures of physical functioning (PROMIS item bank items), depression (PHQ-9), pain intensity (0-10 NRS), and fatigue (0-10 NRS). RESULTS: Pain and fatigue were each independently associated with physical functioning and depression. Depressive symptoms were most severe among middle-aged participants (45-64 years old) relative to older and younger participants. Physical functioning had a negative relationship with chronological age. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms of pain and fatigue are significantly and independently related to physical functioning and depression in persons with MD. Research is needed to determine if treatments that target both pain and fatigue in patients with MD have more beneficial effects than treatments that target only one of these symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23021739?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, Laura E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, George H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effects of telephone-based physical activity counselling on fatigue, pain, symptoms and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis and major depression</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.posters2view.com/ectrims2012/view.php?nu=486</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyon, France</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Keyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harniss, Mark</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embedded assessment in the home and community life of individuals aging with disabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workshop on Evaluating Off-the-Shelf Technologies for Personal Health Monitoring at the 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pittsburgh, PA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goetz, Mark C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence for “accelerated aging” in older adults with disability?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Geriatrics Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04000.x/pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s239</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Improvements in medical care have led to longer life-spans for people with disabilities acquired early in life. However, there is some evidence that these improvements in longevity are offset by increased rates of medical conditions, due to a more rapid decline of organ system functioning in persons with disability. This phenomenon has been called &amp;ldquo;accelerated aging.&amp;rdquo; However, the existence of this phenomenon has not been adequately established in large samples with adequate age-matched controls. METHODS: The present study assessed self-reported rates of certain medical conditions in a large national sample of people with either spinal cord injury (n=540), post-polio syndrome (446), muscular dystrophy (382) or multiple sclerosis (640), and compared them to normative data taken from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) of more than 21,000 adults. Health conditions assessed included hypertension, coronary artery disease, cancer, diabetes, pain conditions, and vision trouble. Comparisons were conducted in four age bands: 18-44, 45-65, 65-75, 75+. Chi-square and independent samples t-tests were used for all analyses. RESULTS:Participants in the experimental sample were primarily Caucasian (92%) and female (63.3%), with an average age of 54.5 years. Results suggested that, across age bands, individuals with disabilities reported greater rates of hypertension, arthritis, joint pain and difficulties with vision (all p values &amp;lt; 0.05). However, in more advanced age bands (65-75 and 75+), adults with disabilities also reported greater frequency of organ system diseases (diabetes, coronary artery disease, and cancer) than were present in age matched national norms (all p values &amp;lt; 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results lend support to the idea of &amp;ldquo;accelerated aging&amp;rdquo; of organ systems in persons growing older with longstanding physical disabilities. Health care providers should be aware of the special medical needs associated with organ system decline in these individuals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goetz, Mark C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Happiness Matters in Aging with a Disability</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM) Annual Conference</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vancouver, BC</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Objectives&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Psychosocial well-being, including happiness, is rarely studied in people with disabilities, despite the potential for such research to expand our understanding of the full range of functioning in the context of aging with a disability. This study aims to answer the following questions: (1) Where do people with disabilities fall on a happiness scale overall and across age groups (by disability group)? (2) &amp;nbsp;How do they compare to community samples without disability? (3) What are the correlates of happiness in people aging with physical disability?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Design&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Cross-sectional postal survey&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Setting&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Community&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Participants:&lt;/u&gt; 1862 adults (63.3% female) with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome, or spinal cord injury.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Interventions&lt;/u&gt;: none&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Main Outcome Measure&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; The Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirksy &amp;amp; Lepper, 1999) was used to assess happiness. The total score ranges from 1(lowest) to 7 (highest).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Results&lt;/u&gt;:&amp;nbsp; Analyses examined levels of happiness for the total sample and for each disability condition individually across four age cohorts: 18-44, 45-64, 65-74, and 75+ years. The sample&amp;rsquo;s mean happiness level varied between 5.04 (SD: 1.26) for those age 45-64 and 5.6 (SD: 1.16) for those age 65-74. Levels of happiness across different age cohorts and disability conditions were comparable to levels of happiness reported in other samples of adults without physical disabilities. Happiness differed significantly by disability condition and by age; older cohorts were happier than younger cohorts. Pain, vision loss, and falls were negatively correlated with happiness.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusions&lt;/u&gt;: &amp;nbsp;Studying the full spectrum of psychosocial functioning, including happiness, may broaden our understanding of successful aging with physical disability.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/sites/agerrtc/files/files/happiness_poster%20DRAFT3.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;View Poster&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, George H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, Virginia G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidden symptoms of multiple sclerosis increase with patient age</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.posters2view.com/ectrims2012/view.php?nu=187</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyon, France</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Although many of the more obvious symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), such as weakness, ataxia, and bladder problems, are incorporated into the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), less information is available on the prevalence of &amp;quot;hidden&amp;quot; manifestations of this disease, such as fatigue, depression, pain, and anxiety. The recent completion of the NIH-funded PROMIS and Neuro-QoL initiatives allow comparison of less apparent symptoms with age-matched norms from a large, industrialized population.&amp;nbsp; The aim of the current study was to compare less apparent symptoms of MS as well as quality of life (QoL) indicators with population norms and to stratify changes in symptom burden with increasing age.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Methods: PROMIS short forms, based on US population norms, on 11 hidden symptoms (fatigue, depression, pain interference, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and wake disturbance) and quality of life indicators (cognitive concerns, executive functioning, physical function, global mental function, and social role) were completed by 1,543 individuals with MS in three cross-sectional surveys.&amp;nbsp; Scores for the overall sample were compared on Neuro-QoL cognitive function.&amp;nbsp; Results in 9 domains from age groups 18-34 (n=104), 35-44 (n=195), 45-54 (n=440), 55-64 (n=544), 65-74 (n=223) and older than 75 (n=37) were compared with PROMIS population norms.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Results: When comparing the whole sample to the US population, adults with MS reported significantly higher symptom burden on all 11 domains, (p&amp;lt;0.0001).&amp;nbsp; Depression showed the least difference and physical function the greatest difference. Comparisons to age group norms showed increasing symptom burden in older cohorts.&amp;nbsp; The 18-34 group reported significantly higher levels of fatigue, pain interference, sleep disturbance, and physical function than the corresponding age norm, (p&amp;lt;0.005).&amp;nbsp; Age groups 35-44 and 45-54 reported significantly higher burden on all domains except global mental function while age groups 55-64 and 65-74 reported higher burden on all 9 domains compared with PROMIS population norms (except age group 65-74 reported significantly less sleep disturbance), (p&amp;lt;0.005).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp; Our findings indicate that most of these less-apparent symptoms increase with age. In particular, physical and mental function and satisfaction with social role decrease while fatigue increases most with age.&amp;nbsp; Older adults living with MS may require targeted health care strategies to optimize quality of life.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artherholt, Samantha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acosta Garcia, M J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inMotion: A phone-based randomized controlled trial to increase physical activity and improve mood</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of MS Care</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ijmsc.org/doi/pdf/10.7224/1537-2073-14.S2.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Background: Major depressive disorder (&lt;/span&gt;MDD&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;) is a common secondary condition in individuals with multiple sclerosis&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;(MS), with a lifetime prevalence estimated to be near 50%.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;MDD is highly disabling in this population, contributing to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;time lost from work, low quality of life, and poor health.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Commonly used treatments for &lt;/span&gt;MDD&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt; are not effective for&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;many with MS, and there are often major barriers to treatment. Numerous studies have shown that inactivity is a risk&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;factor for &lt;/span&gt;MDD&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;, while increased activity is associated with&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;reduced risk of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;MDD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;. We have previously shown that physical activity has promise as a treatment for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;MDD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;, especially&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;for people with disabilities such as MS who may be inactive.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;The current study extends this model to people aging with&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;MS and/or with limited mobility, including wheelchair users.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Objectives: The &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;inMotion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt; Study is an ongoing randomized&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;controlled trial (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;RCT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;) for people aged &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;&amp;ge;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt; with depressive&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;symptoms (10 or higher on the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;PHQ-9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;). The objectives are&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;to increase physical activity and improve mood. Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Participation is entirely by phone. Participants in the treatment condition receive seven motivational interviewing (MI)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;sessions over 12 weeks in which they review exercise history,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;goals, benefits, and barriers with a study counselor. Half of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;the intervention group receives two booster calls during the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;maintenance phase of the study (weeks 13&amp;ndash;24). Participants&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;in the control condition receive a single &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;psychoeducational&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;session at week 0. All participants are mailed an MS exercise DVD. Physical activity is recorded via &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;actigraphy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt; at&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. An independent examiner assesses outcomes in both groups at 12 and 24 weeks. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Results: To date, 219 potential participants with MS have&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;been screened, with 52 enrolled (24%), 6 refused (3%), and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;161 ineligible (74%). Ineligibility has been due primarily to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;lack of depressive symptoms (N = 98, 61%). Conclusions:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;A phone-based intervention to increase physical activity and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;improve depression in people with MS is feasible, although&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;recruitment challenges have been significant. Results of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;this RCT will determine the efficacy of this phone-based MI&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;approach to improving mood in people with MS, and will&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;explore potential mediators such as fatigue, pain, and general health.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Margaret L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heller, Tamar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spillman, Brenda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putnam, Michelle</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Investigations of Aging with Disability: Results and Implications for Data, Policy, and Practice</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerontological Society of America (GSA)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Diego, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This symposium will feature four presentations on aging &lt;em&gt;with&lt;/em&gt; and aging &lt;em&gt;into&lt;/em&gt; disability by distinguished scholars from gerontology and rehabilitation. The purpose of this symposium is to advance knowledge about the health and well-being of individuals aging with long-term disabilities acquired at different stages of the life course, and identify implications for program development and public policy. The symposium will also examine how best practices in health interventions in the fields of gerontology and disability can be used to inform each other to better meet the needs of the expanding population of individuals aging with disabilities, regardless of age of onset. &amp;nbsp;Gaps in data sources and evidence will also be discussed. Implications focus on how these findings inform federal, state, and local level policies and practices as well as international efforts to bridge the fields of aging and disability research.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first two presenters focus on documenting secondary/chronic health conditions experienced by individuals aging with long-term disabilities acquired earlier in life, and outlining the results of reviews of best practices for health promotion interventions to synthesize &amp;ldquo;what works&amp;rdquo; for middle-aged and older adults aging with physical and developmental disabilities. The third presenter utilizes data from The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) to examine implications of disability onset before late life for supportive services. The fourth presenter places these trends within a larger context of initiatives on healthy aging and highlights how they inform national and international work on bridging aging and disability research, policy, and practice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroll, Thilo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratz, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kehn, Matthew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groah, Suzanne L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ljungberg, Inger H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perceived exercise self-efficacy as a predictor of exercise behavior in individuals aging with spinal cord injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Journal of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exercise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linear Models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longitudinal Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Exertion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resistance Training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheelchairs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">640-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesized association between exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior, controlling for demographic variables and clinical characteristics, in a sample of individuals with spinal cord injuries. DESIGN: A cross-sectional national survey of 612 community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury in the United States ranging from 18 to 89 yrs of age was conducted. Sample consisted of 63.1% men with a mean (SD) duration of 15.8 (12.79) yrs postinjury; 86.3% reported using a wheelchair. RESULTS: Self-efficacy was the only independent variable that consistently predicted all four exercise outcomes. Self-efficacy beliefs were significantly related to frequency and intensity of resistance training (R(2) change = 0.08 and 0.03, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01 for all) and aerobic training (R(2) change = 0.07 and 0.05, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01 for all), thus explaining between 3% and 8% of the variance. Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that controlling for other demographic and physical capability variables, the age-related variables made statistically significant contributions and explained between 1% and 3% of the variance in aerobic exercise frequency and intensity (R(2) change = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01 for all). Clinical functional characteristics but not demographic variables explained participation in resistance exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy beliefs play an important role as predictors of exercise. Variations in exercise intensity along the age continuum have implications for exercise prescription and composition. Future research should replicate findings with objective activity measures.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22660368?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gertz, Kevin J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenberg, Dori E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical activity and depression in middle and older-aged adults with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Health Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">269-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Depression is common among people with multiple sclerosis (MS), and research shows that individuals, including individuals with MS, who are more physically active report lower rates of depression. However, little is known about the relative importance of level of physical activity (e.g., moderate versus vigorous) in relationship to depression, or the role that age might play in this relationship among people with MS. The current study sought to (1) clarify the associations between moderate and vigorous physical activity and depression in a sample of individuals with MS, (2) determine the associations between age and physical activity, and (3) test for the potential moderating influence of age on the associations between physical activity and depression. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: 112 individuals with MS completed a survey assessing demographic variables, amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity, and depression. RESULTS: There was a gradual decrease in the amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity as age increased, but this decrease was not statistically significant. Moderate physical activity was significantly (negatively) associated with depression across all age cohorts. Time spent in vigorous physical activity was significantly (negatively) associated with depression among the middle-aged but not younger or older participants who are physically active. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support a link between moderate physical activity and depression and, for middle-aged individuals, vigorous physical activity and depression in persons with MS. The findings indicate that research examining the impact of activity enhancing treatments on depression in individuals with MS is warranted.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23021738?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burns, Michael I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Megan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparing Patients with Communication Disorders for Medical Interactions</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atlanta, GA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Patients with communication disorders are a vulnerable healthcare population. SLPs are uniquely qualified to help these patients improve communication with healthcare providers. This presentation will focus on describing how these patients are susceptible to diminished healthcare access, and ways SLPs can help prepare them for improved future medical interactions. &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence and Impact of Secondary Health Conditions in Individuals Aging With, and Aging Into, Disability</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) Annual Scientific Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Diego, California</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finlayson, Marcia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia Noritake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence of Falling and Injuries in Older Adults with a Physical Disability</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Francisco, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Introduction. Falling among older adults is a wide-spread problem that often has devastating consequences for the individual and family. However, knowledge about the scope and correlates of falls among people aging with multiple sclerosis (MS), muscular dystrophy (MD), post-polio (PPS) and spinal cord injury (SCI) is very limited. Research in this area is particularly important because these individuals often experience problems with mobility, balance, sensation, and muscle power that place them at significant risk for both falls and injurious falls. Methods. Cross-sectional data were used from a survey of individuals aging (45 yrs +) with MS, MD, PPS, and SCI (n = 1,862). The survey contained 6 questions about falling. Logistical regression models were built to examine whether factors such as age, sex, and mobility were associated with falling. Results. The prevalence of falls reported in the last 6 months was 73% MD, 56% MS, 55%, PPS, 42% SCI. The rate of injurious falls was 23% MD, 19% MD, 22% PPS, 20% SCI. The major factor associated with falling in older adults across all 4 disabilities was limitations in mobility . Sex was only significant in people with MS, with women being less likely to fall than men. Younger and middle age categories tended to have an increased odds of falling. Conclusion. Preventing falls in persons with disabilities is of paramount importance. A better understanding of the frequency, severity, and correlates of falls is an important first step towards designing effective fall prevention and management programs for these individuals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia Noritake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finlayson, Marcia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence of Falling and Injuries in People Aging with Multiple Sclerosis, Muscular Dystrophy, Post-Polio Syndrome, and Spinal Cord Injury</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Symposium on Gait and Balance in Multiple Sclerosis</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portland, OR</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;Background.&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; Falls among older adults often have devastating consequences.&amp;nbsp; However, knowledge about the scope and correlates of falls among people aging with multiple sclerosis (MS), muscular dystrophy (MD), post-polio (PPS), and spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited.&amp;nbsp; Research in this area is particularly important because these individuals often experience problems with mobility, balance, sensation, and strength that place them at significant risk for both falls and injurious falls.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;Methods&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;.&lt;/u&gt; Cross-sectional data were used from a survey of individuals aging (45 yrs +) with MS, MD, PPS, and SCI (n = 1,862). The survey contained 6 questions about falling. Logistic regression models were built to examine whether age, sex, and mobility were associated with falling.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;Results&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; The prevalence of falls reported in the last 6 months was 73% for people with MD, 56% for MS, 55% PPS, and 42% for SCI. The rates of injurious falls were:&amp;nbsp; 23% in MD, 22% in PPS, 20% in SCI, and 19% in MS. The major factor associated with falling in all group was limitations in mobility (e.g., reporting use of an assistive device for mobility or limited self-mobility with use of physical assistance or device). Sex was only significant in people with MS, with women being less likely to fall than men.&amp;nbsp; Across all 4 groups the prevalence of falls was highest among the middle age groups (e.g.44-64).relative to the older groups (65+).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;Conclusion/Clinical Relevance&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; Falls are a common experience among people aging with MS, MD, PPS, or SCI.&amp;nbsp; Falls were experienced by all age groups studied, but greatest in those who are middle-aged (45-64).&amp;nbsp; This suggests that fall prevention strategies should not be limited to older individuals. &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Preventing falls is of paramount importance.&amp;nbsp; A better understanding of the frequency, severity, and correlates of falls will assist health care providers to develop effective fall prevention and management programs for these individuals.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reliability and validity of pain, fatigue, depression, and social roles participation PRO measures in populations of individuals aging with a physical disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/5h88546t283p1347/fulltext.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Aims: To evaluate the reliability and validity of patient reported outcome measures across the domains of pain, depression, fatigue, and social roles participation in four different rehabilitation study populations. Methods: Individuals with muscular dystrophy (MD) (N=340), multiple sclerosis (MS) (N=584), spinal cord injury (SCI) (N=492), and post-polio syndrome (PPS) (N=446) participated in a self-report survey related to aging with a disability. Measures examined included the PHQ-9 depression scale and PROMIS short forms for fatigue, pain interference, depression, and social roles participation. Analyses for each scale and within each population included examinations of ﬂoor and ceiling effects, percentage of variance accounted for by the ﬁrst factor and ratio of ﬁrst and second eigenvalues using exploratory factor analyses (EFA), and calculations of Chronbach&amp;rsquo;s alpha. Results: EFA analyses supported the unidimensionality of scores from all scales in all four populations. Across scales and populations the lowest eigenvalue ratio was 8.2 (PHQ-9) and the highest was 52 (PROMIS pain). The variance accounted for by the ﬁrst factor ranged from 49% (PHQ-9) to 86% (PROMIS pain). The PROMIS pain and depression scales demonstrated ﬂoor effects, especially in individuals with MS and MD. On the pain scale, 20.5% and 23.8% of MD and MS individuals respectively were at the ﬂoor while 10.9% and 15.7% were at the ﬂoor on the depression scale. The PHQ-9 also demonstrated moderate ﬂoor effects with up to 9.5% of individuals at the bottom of the scale. With the exception of the social roles scale none of the scales had more than 2% of individuals at the ceiling of the scale. Ceiling effects on the social roles scale ranged from 1.2% (PPS) to 7.2% (MD). Chronbach&amp;rsquo;s alpha values ranged from 0.80 (fatigue in PPS) to 0.96 (pain in MS). Conclusions: EFA results support the unidimensionality of the response data, and thus the construct validity of the studied measures. Although there were some ﬂoor effects, these appear to be due to lack of symptoms in portions of the sample (e.g., persons reporting no pain), rather than inadequacy of the scale. The results of the study support the use of the measures in MS, MD, PPS, and SCI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppl 1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groah, Suzanne L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Margaret L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charlifue, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiodo, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forchheimer, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krause, James S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tate, Denise</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary health conditions in individuals aging with SCI: terminology, concepts and analytic approaches.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">373-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. OBJECTIVES: Utilizing individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) as a representative population for physical disability, this paper: (1) reviews the history of the concept of secondary conditions as it applies to the health of individuals aging with long-term disabilities; (2) proposes a definition of secondary health conditions (SHCs) and a conceptual model for understanding the factors that are related to SHCs as individuals age with a disability; and (3) discusses the implications of the model for the assessment of SHCs and for developing interventions that minimize their frequency, severity and negative effects on the quality of life of individuals aging with SCI and other disabilities. METHODS: Key findings from research articles, reviews and book chapters addressing the concept of SHCs in individuals with SCI and other disabilities were summarized to inform the development of a conceptual approach for measuring SCI-related SHCs. CONCLUSIONS: Terms used to describe health conditions secondary to SCI and other physical disabilities are used inconsistently throughout the literature. This inconsistency represents a barrier to improvement, measurement and for the development of effective interventions to reduce or prevent these health conditions and mitigate their effects on participation and quality of life. A working definition of the term SHCs is proposed for use in research with individuals aging with SCI, with the goal of facilitating stronger evidence and increased knowledge upon which policy and practice can improve the health and well-being of individuals aging with a disability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22143678?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenberg, Dori E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artherholt, Samantha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motl, Robert W</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-reported Depression and Physical Activity in Adults with Mobility Impairments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Nov 16</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To test hypothesized associations between depression and physical activity among adults with multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), muscular dystrophy (MD), and post-polio syndrome (PPS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Survey responses collected from individuals in the Washington state area (participants with SCI) and across the United States (participants with MS, MD, and PPS). PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 1,676 participants were surveyed (MD=321, PPS=338, MS=556, SCI=411). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) assessing depressive symptoms and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) assessing physical activity. RESULTS: The average age was 56 years, 64% were women, 92% were White, 86% had a high school degree or higher, and 56% walked with an assistive device or had limited self-mobility. The IPAQ and GLTEQ explained a small but statistically significant and unique amount of the variance in PHQ-9 scores in all diagnostic groups, with no significant differences in the relationship by condition, age, or mobility status (R(2) IPAQ = .004; R(2) GLTEQ = .02; both p-values &amp;lt;.02). CONCLUSIONS: Both physical activity measures demonstrated a small but statistically significant association with depression in all four diagnostic groups. Research is needed to determine longitudinal relationships and whether physical activity interventions could promote improved mood in adults with physical disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amtmann, Dagmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Six patient-reported outcome measurement information system short form measures have negligible age- or diagnosis-related differential item functioning in individuals with disabilities.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1289-91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;UNLABELLED: Cook KF, Bamer AM, Amtmann D, Molton IR, Jensen MP. Six Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System short form measures have negligible age- or diagnosis-related differential item functioning in individuals with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the measurement invariance of 6 self-report measures selected for an ongoing longitudinal study of individuals with spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, postpolio syndrome, and multiple sclerosis. DESIGN: Participants completed and returned by mail surveys that included the targeted self-report measures. Ordinal logistic regressions methods were applied to evaluate items for differential item functioning (DIF) by diagnosis and age range. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=2479) who had 1 of the 4 target diagnoses. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Six short-form measures from the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) were administered to participants to measure fatigue, pain interference, satisfaction with social roles, sleep disturbance, sleep-related impairment, and depression. RESULTS: One item of 1 measure (fatigue) exhibited DIF by diagnosis based on a published standard for meaningful DIF. However, scores corrected for this DIF were highly correlated with uncorrected scores (r&amp;gt;.999). No DIF by age range was found for any of the measures. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings support the use of the selected PROMIS short forms for comparing symptoms and quality of life indicators across different diagnoses and age ranges.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22386213?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groah, Suzanne L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charlifue, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tate, Denise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forchheimer, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krause, James S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lammertse, Daniel P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Margaret L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal cord injury and aging: challenges and recommendations for future research.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Journal of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomedical Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuity of Patient Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forecasting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injury Severity Score</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-Term Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Needs Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paraplegia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Practice Guidelines as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quadriplegia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Population aging, caused by reductions in fertility and increasing longevity, varies by country and is anticipated to continue and to reach global proportions during the 21st century. Although the effects of population aging have been well documented for decades, the impact of aging on people with spinal cord injury (SCI) has not received similar attention. It is reasonable to expect that population aging features such as the increasing mean age of the population, share of the population in the oldest age groups, and life expectancy would be reflected in SCI population demographics. Although the mean age and share of the SCI population older than 65 yrs are increasing, data from the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center suggest that life expectancy increases in the SCI population have not kept the same pace as those without SCI in the last 15 yrs. The reasons for this disparity are likely multifactorial and include the changing demographics of the SCI population with more older people being injured; susceptibility of people with SCI to numerous medical conditions that impart a health hazard; risky behaviors leading to a disproportionate percentage of deaths as a result of preventable causes, including septicemia; changes in the delivery of health services during the first year after injury when the greatest resources are available; and other unknown factors. The purposes of this paper are (1) to define and differentiate general population aging and aging in people with SCI, (2) to briefly present the state of the science on health conditions in those aging with SCI, and finally, (3) to present recommendations for future research in the area of aging with SCI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21681060?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMullen, Kara A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Symptom Burden in Persons with Muscular Dystrophy (MD)</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Francisco, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Research suggests that pain, fatigue, imbalance, memory loss and vision loss may be a significant problem in persons with muscular dystrophy. The current study examines these symptoms, and their impact on patient functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Methods: 170 people with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 or Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy participated in a study examining MD. Measures assessed incidence,, severity and course of five symptoms using a 0 to 10 Numerical Rating Scale. Social integration and psychological functioning were assessed using the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) and the SF-36 mental component score. Descriptive and regression analyses examined the association between symptoms and functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Results: The most common symptoms reported were fatigue (90.6%), imbalance (82.4%) and pain (76.5%). The most severe symptom was imbalance (50.0% reported levels &amp;gt;6 on the NRS), followed by fatigue (46.5% &amp;gt;6). All symptoms were more likely to stay the same or get worse than improve since onset.When controlling for potential confounds, these symptoms explained 17% of the variance of the mental component score, 10% of home competency, 10% of social integration, and 9% of productive activity.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Discussion: Pain, fatigue and imbalance are commonly reported symptoms in persons with MD. The severity and trajectory of these symptoms highlight a need for interventions to mitigate their impact on people with MD, and to improve productive activity and social integration. Further research is needed to examine the relationships among these symptoms and functioning and to guide clinical practices.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia Noritake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shumway-Cook, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciol, Marcia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartin, Deborah A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Understanding falls in multiple sclerosis: association of mobility status, concerns about falling, and accumulated impairments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical therapy</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Ther</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accidental Falls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accidents, Home</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chi-Square Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fear</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mobility Limitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-Help Devices</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">407-15</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Falls in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) are a serious health concern, and the percentage of people who restrict their activity because of concerns about falling (CAF) is not known. Mobility function and accumulated impairments are associated with fall risk in older adults but not in people with stroke and have not been studied in people with MS. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were: (1) to estimate the percentage of people who have MS and report falling, CAF, and activity restrictions related to CAF; (2) to examine associations of these factors with fall status; and (3) to explore associations of fall status with mobility function and number of accumulated impairments. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. METHODS: A total of 575 community-dwelling people with MS provided information about sociodemographics, falls, CAF, activity restrictions related to CAF, mobility function, and accumulated impairments. Chi-square statistics were used to explore associations among these factors. RESULTS: In all participants, about 62% reported CAF and about 67% reported activity restrictions related to CAF. In participants who did not experience falls, 25.9% reported CAF and 27.7% reported activity restrictions related to CAF. Mobility function was associated with fall status; participants reporting moderate mobility restrictions reported the highest percentage of falls, and participants who were nonwalkers (ie, had severely limited self-mobility) reported the lowest percentage. Falls were associated with accumulated impairments; the participants who reported the highest percentage of 2 or more falls were those with 10 impairments. LIMITATIONS: This cross-sectional study relied on self-reported falls, mobility, and impairment status, which were not objectively verified. CONCLUSIONS: Both CAF and activity restrictions related to CAF were common in people with MS and were reported by people who experienced falls and those who did not. The association of fall status with mobility function did not appear to be linear. Fall risk increased with declining mobility function; however, at a certain threshold, further declines in mobility function were associated with fewer falls, possibly because of reduced fall risk exposure.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22135709?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goetz, Mark C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, George H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age effects of sleep problems in individuals with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of MS Care</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep and MS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ijmsc.org/doi/pdf/10.7224/1537-2073-13.S3.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-18</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Sleep disturbances in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are relatively common (ie, with many studies showing prevalence of approximately 50%), and evidence indicates that sleep problems are more common in MS samples than in samples of individuals who do not have MS. There is also evidence among the general population suggesting that sleep problems increase with age. However, previous research suggests that among some disability groups (eg, spinal cord injury) there may be a decline in sleep problems with age. Objectives: Based on previous research, we hypothesized that 1) sleep dysfunction in an MS sample would be greater when compared with a normative sample and 2) an examination of aging variables (chronological age, disability duration, and age at disability onset) would show a negative relationship between chronological age and the severity of sleep disturbance. Methods: A survey was administered to 584 individuals with MS that included measures of demographic characteristics and the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Item Bank. The analytic strategy was based on a Jensen et al. (2009) paper in which a series of multiple regression analyses examined the independent contribution of three age-related variables to sleep problems: chronological age, disability duration, and age at disability onset. Results: Hypothesis 1 was not supported in that comparisons of the MS and normative data on the PROMIS revealed no differences in sleep disruption. Hypothesis 2 was supported in that the findings suggested that younger and middle-aged participants reported more sleep disturbance than did older participants. When controlling for chronological age, disability duration and age at disability onset were not significantly associated with sleep difficulties. Conclusion: One possible explanation for the age effect found is a cohort effect where the older adult groups could potentially include participants who are healthier than the younger participants (ie, health factors associated with sleep disturbance might be related to mortality). It is also possible that age influences or is associated with some third variable that influences sleep quality (eg, employed vs. retired). Longitudinal research following the same group of patients over time is needed to help test these possible explanations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choi, Seung W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroenke, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fann, Jesse R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Do somatic and cognitive symptoms of traumatic brain injury confound depression screening?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depressive Disorder, Major</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary Health Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">818-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether items of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) function differently in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) than in persons from a primary care sample. DESIGN: This study was a retrospective analysis of responses to the PHQ-9 collected in 2 previous studies. Responses to the PHQ-9 were modeled using item response theory, and the presence of DIF was evaluated using ordinal logistic regression. SETTING: Eight primary care sites and a single trauma center in Washington state. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=3365) were persons from 8 primary care sites (n=3000) and a consecutive sample of persons with complicated mild to severe TBI from a trauma center who were 1 year postinjury (n=365). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: PHQ-9. RESULTS: No PHQ-9 item demonstrated statistically significant or meaningful DIF attributable to TBI. A sensitivity analysis failed to show that the cumulative effects of nonsignificant DIF resulted in a systematic inflation of PHQ-9 total scores. Therefore, the results also do not support the hypothesis that cumulative DIF for PHQ-9 items spuriously inflates the numbers of persons with TBI screened as potentially having major depressive disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The PHQ-9 is a valid screener of major depressive disorder in people with complicated mild to severe TBI, and all symptoms can be counted toward the diagnosis of major depressive disorder without special concern about overdiagnosis or unnecessary treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21530731?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Karon F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue and aging with a disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Surveys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscular Dystrophies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Report</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washington</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1126-33</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: To compare self-reported fatigue in 4 disability populations with age-matched, U.S. population norms. We assessed fatigue and age in a sample of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), postpolio syndrome (PPS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and muscular dystrophy (MD). DESIGN: This study used survey responses and published age cohort means for fatigue to test the hypothesis that fatigue would be higher in each of 4 clinical samples than the U.S. population norm. We also hypothesized that, for clinical samples, the mean fatigue reported within age cohorts would be higher than the general U.S. population norms for those age ranges derived in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). SETTING: Survey responses were collected from participants in the Washington state area. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=1836) were persons with MD (n=337), MS (n=580), Post-polio (n=441), and SCI (n=478). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: PROMIS Depression Short Form. RESULTS: Individuals with disabilities reported higher levels of fatigue than the normative PROMIS population. In the normative population, self-reported fatigue was substantially lower in age cohorts from middle age to retirement age. However, individuals with disabilities did not demonstrate this age cohort effect. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with disabilities are not only at greater risk to experience fatigue, but this risk, relative to normative values, increases with age. More research is needed to determine the specific negative impact of fatigue symptoms on functioning in individuals with disabilities as they age.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21704793?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, Kevin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Amanda E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goetz, Mark C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain and fatigue in persons with postpolio syndrome: independent effects on functioning.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatigue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1796-801</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: To better understand the importance of pain and fatigue in relation to functioning, and to investigate the role that age plays in these relationships in individuals with postpolio syndrome (PPS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Community-based survey. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 446 individuals with PPS. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical functioning (Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Functioning item bank items), psychological functioning (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), pain intensity (0-10 numerical rating scale [NRS]), and fatigue (0-10 NRS). RESULTS: Pain and fatigue make independent contributions to the prediction of physical and psychological functioning. Depression was more severe in the middle-aged (&amp;le;64y) group than in the young-old (65-74y) or middle-old to oldest (&amp;ge;75y) groups, although the associations between pain and fatigue and both physical and psychological functioning are similar across all age cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Complaints of pain or fatigue in patients with PPS who are older or elderly should not be attributed &amp;quot;merely&amp;quot; to the process of aging. The findings also support the need for clinical trials to develop and evaluate interventions that may help patients with PPS function better by treating pain and fatigue, as well as the negative effects that these symptoms can have on functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22032213?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gertz, Kevin J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenberg, Dori E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical activity and depression in middle and older-aged adults with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://msj.sagepub.com/content/17/10_suppl/S53.full.pdf+html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Physical activity and depression are known to be associated, and reactivation programs have demonstrated efficacy as a treatment for depression. However, little research has examined the associations between physical activity and depression in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Moreover, the extent to which physical activity changes as a function of age, and whether or not the associations between activity and depression vary as a function of age in multiple sclerosis is not known. Knowledge regarding these associations is important for determining whether, and for whom, reactivation programs might be effective for individuals aging with MS. Methods: Individuals with MS (N=112; mean age: 52.59 years; 81.3% women) completed a survey assessing demographic variables (age, sex), self-reported moderate and vigorous physical activity, and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Analyses tested for the effect of age on physical activity, and effects of age and physical activity on depression. Results: The percentages of participants reporting that they engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased across the age cohorts (e.g., percentages were 86%, 73%, and 57% for moderate activity; 50%, 37%, and 14% for vigorous activity for the young, middle aged, and older age cohorts, respectively). Minutes of moderate activity in the past week were highest among the middle age cohort (238 minutes), less in the young adult cohort (160 minutes), and least in the older cohort (95 minutes). However, minutes of vigorous physical activity decreased as a function of cohort (156, 77, and 33 minutes). Regression analyses indicated that minutes of moderate activity, but not minutes of vigorous activity, was significantly associated with lower depression scores, and that this effect did not differ as a function of age. Conclusions: The findings indicate that moderate and vigorous activity levels are lower for individuals with MS who are 65 years and older than in individuals who are younger than 65 years. Moderate activity was associated with lower levels of depression across all age cohorts. If these findings confirmed in future studies, they suggest that physical activity programs might effectively treat (or prevent) depression in persons with MS if they: (1) focus more on increasing moderate activities (as opposed to vigorous ones) and (2) be developed to address the needs of individuals with MS across the age spectrum.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10 Suppl</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verrall, Aimee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMullen, Kara A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predicting unemployment in people ageing with multiple sclerosis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://msj.sagepub.com/content/17/10_suppl/S277.full.pdf+html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S486</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Older adults who have a disability report higher rates of unemployment than older adults without a disability and one of the significant risks associated with disability is poverty. Approximately 90% of individuals diagnosed with MS are employed before their diagnosis, but as few as 30% remain working in as little as 5 years after diagnosis. About 40% of unemployed people with MS want to return to work. Little is known about changes in employment status for people with MS as they age. Objectives: Examine the predictors of unemployment stratified by age groups in people with MS. Methods: Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional survey of community-dwelling people with MS (n = 1,271) collected in 2006. Participants were recruited from the Greater Washington Chapter of the USA National MS Society (NMSS) and were eligible if they self-reported a diagnosis of MS and were at least 18 years of age. Measures of secondary conditions, employment status, history of MS, and demographic characteristics were included in the survey.A stratified, prediction logistical regression was run across 4 age groups (18 &amp;ndash; 34 yrs, 35 &amp;ndash; 44yrs, 45 &amp;ndash; 54 yrs, 55-64 yrs) and gender, duration of MS, EDSS Mobility, MS subtype, education level, problems thinking, cognitive fatigue, physical fatigue, pain, depression, and sleep problems were included as predictors. Results: The percentage of unemployed among people with MS climbed from 39% of 18-34 yr olds to 47% of 35-44 yr olds, to 58% of 45-54 yr olds to 75% of 55-64 yr olds. Predictors of unemployment were similar throughout the 3 middle age groups (35 &amp;ndash; 64 yrs) and included duration of disease, EDSS mobility level, problems thinking.Predictors differed in the youngest age group (18-34 yrs) where only education level was a statistically significant. Also, the contribution of pain as a significant predictor only occurred in the 35-44 age group. Conclusions: People with MS are more likely to be unemployed when their MS progresses including mobility limitations as well as cognitive impairments. Surprisingly, secondary conditions of fatigue, depression, and sleep problems were not associated unemployment. Programs and services to support employment should target people with MS who are experiencing mobility and cognitive changes as they age.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10 Suppl</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging and disability: biopsychosocial perspectives.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatric Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interpersonal Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mobility Limitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Musculoskeletal Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-65</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Understanding the complex trajectories of disability and aging requires a biopsychosocial approach that considers disability in the broader context of later adulthood. Although disability service researchers and gerontologists have many shared interests and a similar mission, the fields are relatively new to one another and have had little historical interaction. The purpose of this article is to increase and improve collaboration among investigators in these fields by providing some background in social gerontology to the disability researcher, and by applying key theories in aging to the issue of growing older with physical disability. The article discusses particular problem areas for older adults, including social support, and also discusses the parallel paradoxes of aging and disability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494275?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Pat A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knaster, Elizabeth S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with disability in the workplace.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employment, Supported</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscular Dystrophies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation, Vocational</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workplace</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">267-79</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Aging with disabilities, such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, and postpolio syndrome, can lead to barriers to participation, including employment barriers. Many individuals develop strategies for overcoming these barriers that may become less successful as they experience more secondary conditions concomitant with the aging process. Rehabilitation professionals can help to overcome barriers to workplace participation and should work with clients to enhance employment outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494276?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carter, Gregory T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weiss, Michael D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chamberlain, Joel R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Han, Jay J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abresch, Richard T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miró, Jordi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging with muscular dystrophy: pathophysiology and clinical management.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combined Modality Therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscular Dystrophies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prognosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Severity of Illness Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sickness Impact Profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment Outcome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">429-50</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Major advances in the fields of medical science and physiology, molecular genetics, biomedical engineering, and computer science have provided individuals with muscular dystrophy (MD) with more functional equipment, allowing better strategies for improvement of quality of life. These advances have also allowed a significant number of these patients to live much longer. As progress continues to change management, it also changes patients&amp;#39; expectations. A comprehensive medical and rehabilitative approach to management of aging MD patients can often fulfill expectations and help them enjoy an enhanced quality of life.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494287?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borson, Soo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition, aging, and disabilities: conceptual issues.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Executive Function</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatric Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropsychological Tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sickness Impact Profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Task Performance and Analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">375-82</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This article reviews normative changes in cognition that are observed across the adult life span and considers how specific disabilities may interact with aging processes to increase functional decline in later life. Disabling conditions that directly affect the brain are contrasted with those that do not. The goal is twofold: to create a framework for thinking about how cognitive changes, aging, and disability may interact to help explain individual differences in coping, and to promote the inclusion of cognition in a comprehensive approach to assessment and care.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494283?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bourgeois, Michelle S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baylor, Carolyn R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication and aging.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication Barriers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dysarthria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatric Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Services Accessibility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interpersonal Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Memory Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Professional-Patient Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sensation Disorders</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">309-19</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;People with communication disorders form a diverse group with some experiencing long-standing disorders and others the onset of new disorders in old age. Regardless of age at onset, the burden of communication disorders is cumulative and has important implications for health care providers. Communication serves many roles for older people, not only establishing and maintaining social affiliations but also providing access to health care services. Health care providers should be aware of potential communication disorders and make provision for quiet environments, reading materials at appropriate literacy levels, and longer appointments for people with communication difficulties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494279?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connell, Frederick A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dudgeon, Brian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency of purchase and associated costs of assistive technology for Washington State Medicaid program enrollees with spina bifida by age.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Health Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Health J</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication Aids for Disabled</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Care Costs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insurance, Health, Reimbursement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicaid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthotic Devices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Dysraphism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washington</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheelchairs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-61</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Assistive technology (AT) is one strategy to mitigate or eliminate barriers to independence for individuals with disabilities, including those with spina bifida (SB). However, little is known about current use and costs of AT for people with SB, including the cost burden to medical insurance payees. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency of AT purchases and their associated costs for individuals with SB covered by the Washington State Medicaid program. Additionally, we sought to compare Medicaid reimbursement for AT to the overall Medicaid reimbursement for all medical care for these individuals. METHODS: Data included all electronic claims and eligibility records of persons covered by the Medicaid program over a 4-year period (2001-2004) who had at least one service with a coded diagnosis of SB. Procedure codes were reviewed and grouped into the following AT categories: manual wheelchairs, powered wheelchairs, wheelchair cushions and seats, wheelchair accessories and repairs, wheelchair rental, ambulatory aids, orthotic and prosthetic devices, positioning aids, bathroom equipment, beds and bed accessories, and communication and hearing aids. Age group analyses were conducted after dividing patients into 3 age groups (0-15, 16-25, and 26+). Further subgroup analyses were done for individuals with dual or capitated medical coverage compared with those who had fee-for-service Medicaid-only coverage. RESULTS: A total of 984 individuals with at least one diagnosis of SB during the 4-year study period were identified. On average, approximately one third of individuals made claims for some type of AT per year; the majority of these AT claims (87%) were for mobility-related AT. Average annual Medicaid cost of AT was $494 per enrollee and AT accounted for 3.3% of all Medicaid costs for these individuals. AT-related costs were highest for those aged 0-15 years and lowest for those aged 16-25 years. Persons with only fee-for-service Medicaid coverage had more than twice the annualized Medicaid AT-related expenditures compared to those with additional coverage or who were covered under a Medicaid capitation plan. CONCLUSIONS: Medicaid reimbursement for AT, as classified in this study, is a relatively low percentage of overall medical costs for individuals with SB. Because of the small percentage of non-mobility-related AT paid for in this study, we believe there may be a substantial unmet need for AT in this population and/or that individuals with SB may have significant AT-related out-of-pocket expenses. Given its large potential impact and relatively low cost burden to Medicaid, AT is a &amp;quot;good buy&amp;quot; and coverage for AT should be expanded.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21122780?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yorkston, Kathryn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMullen, Kara A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathways of change experienced by people aging with disability: a focus group study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability and Rehabilitation</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabil Rehabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Focus Groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washington</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1697-704</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;PURPOSE: To examine the issues related to aging with disability from the perspective of the person with the disabilities. METHOD: Twelve community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI), post-polio syndrome (PPS) or multiple sclerosis (MS) participated in focus groups where they were asked open-ended questions about changes related to aging with disability, accommodations made and perspectives on the future. RESULTS: Results of qualitative analysis suggested five major themes related to aging with a disability: (1) Participant identity, including comments about how participants described themselves and their lives with a long-standing disability; (2) Physical pathways including comments about the progression of physical symptoms; (3) Psychosocial pathways, including descriptions of adaptations to disability, the development of emotional well-being and strategies to deal with disability; (4) Changing health care, reflecting improvement noted over time in health care services; and (5) Concerns about the future, including comments reflecting participant uncertainty about the potential course of disability. CONCLUSIONS: The process of aging with disability was characterised by multiple pathways. Some, including positive psychosocial adjustment and medical advancements, were favourable, while others, including physical decline, were not. The co-existence of high quality of life in the presence of physical decline is consistent with a larger literature in older adults, and future research should focus on identifying aging factors that may contribute to the buffering the psychological impact of physical decline.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20225933?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motl, Robert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McAuley, Edward</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical activity, disability, and quality of life in older adults.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attitude to Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exercise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatric Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mobility Limitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motor Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Fitness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Concept</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sickness Impact Profile</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299-308</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This article provides an overview of physical activity and its association with function, disability, and quality of life (QOL) outcomes among older adults. The rationale and the associated onset of chronic disease conditions that influence function, disability, and QOL is embedded in the &amp;quot;Graying of America&amp;quot;. The literature reviewed in this article yielded 3 general conclusions: (1) there is an alarming rate of physical inactivity among older adults, particularly those aging with a disability; (2) there is strong evidence for the beneficial effects of physical activity on impairment, function, and health-related aspects of QOL among older adults, but there is less conclusive evidence for positive effects of physical activity on disability and global QOL; and (3) there is emerging support for self-efficacy as a mediator of the association between physical activity and disability, and QOL outcomes in older adults. Researchers should consider designing and testing programs that incorporate strategies for enhancing self-efficacy along with the promotion of physical activity as a means of preventing disablement and improving QOL among older adults. Such work will go a long way in identifying practical approaches that can be applied for improving the later years of life and is critical because many Americans will soon be affected by the aging of adults in the United States.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494278?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preface: aging with a physical disability.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forecasting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North America</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodicals as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Therapy Modalities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Health Care</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xv-xvi</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494274?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehde, Dawn M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stoelb, Brenda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The relationship of age-related factors to psychological functioning among people with disabilities.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activities of Daily Living</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depressive Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disability Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geriatric Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interpersonal Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Concept</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sickness Impact Profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">281-97</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The potential influence of age and aging on the psychological functioning of people with disabilities is surprisingly complex. In people with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, depression is highly prevalent. The limited research in this area indicates that older age and greater time span since disability onset may be associated with less self-reported depressive symptoms. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and benefit finding (BF) are also common in people with disabilities. Older age tends to be associated with less BF and PTG. Studies that use longitudinal designs and examine multiple age-related factors simultaneously are needed. Potential mediators of age-related effects, such as historical trends, life-cycle events, maturity, and declining health, also need to be examined. There are many interesting theoretic and empiric concepts from aging research that can inform future research on the psychological aspects of aging with disability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494277?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsh, Adam T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Kurt L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombardier, Charles H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Relationship of Chronological Age, Age at Injury, and Duration of Injury to Employment Status in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychological Injury and Law</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychol Inj Law</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009 Dec 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">263-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Employment status following spinal cord injury (SCI) has important implications for financial and psychosocial well-being. Several age-related variables-in particular chronological age, duration of SCI, and age at SCI onset-have been identified as being associated with employment among individuals with SCI. Cross-sectional investigations of this topic are complicated by methodological and statistical issues associated with aging and disability. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between three aging variables and employment status in individuals with SCI through a series of regression analyses. Six hundred twenty individuals with SCI completed a survey that included measures of demographic characteristics, pain, psychological functioning, physical functioning, fatigue, and sleep. The results indicated that chronological age and age at SCI onset were significant predictors of employment status. A significantly greater proportion of individuals aged 45-54 were employed compared to those aged 55-64 even after controlling for biopsychosocial variables. Additionally, there was a negative linear relationship between percent employed and age at SCI onset, and this relationship was not accounted for by the biopsychosocial variables. The analyses used in this study provide one method by which to disentangle the effects of different age-related variables on important SCI outcomes in cross-sectional research. Continued research in this area is needed to better understand age-related effects on employment status, which could be used to help maximize the quality of life in individuals with SCI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297893?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Mark P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsh, Adam T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamer, Alyssa M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep problems in individuals with spinal cord injury: frequency and age effects.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation Psychology</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabil Psychol</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age of Onset</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Georgia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Severity of Illness Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Socioeconomic Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spinal Cord Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washington</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">323-31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES: The two objectives of this study were (a) to replicate the previous finding of more severe sleep difficulties in a sample of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) compared with normative samples, and (b) to examine the associations between aging variables (specifically, chronological age, duration of SCI, age at SCI onset) and the severity of sleep difficulties. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. RESEARCH METHOD: A survey was administered to 620 individuals with SCI that included measures of demographic characteristics and sleep difficulties. RESULTS: The findings indicated that sleep problems are more common in individuals with SCI than in normative samples. In addition, younger participants in our sample reported more sleep problems than did older participants. Duration of SCI and age at onset, however, were not significantly associated with sleep difficulties. CONCLUSION: The analyses used in this study provide a model for examining age effects using concurrent survey data that may be useful for other investigators interested in studying the associations between age-related variables and important health-related domains.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19702431?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hreha, Kimberly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Patricia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fear of Falling in People with Long Term Physical Disability: A Potential Imprediment to Physical Activity.</style></title></titles><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40th Annual NARRTC Conference</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washington, DC</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hreha, Kimberly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molton, Ivan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of Secondary Health Conditions on Social Role Participation in People Living with Long-term Physical Disability</style></title></titles><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Rehabilitation Psychology Conference</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dallas, TX</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, K.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hertz, D.</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stobbe, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Von Geldern, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reynolds, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wundes, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalb, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unruh, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J.</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis Project ECHO:  Outreach to rural providers to provide innovative collaborative training using video conferencing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual Meeting  of the National Association of Rehabilitation Research and Training Centers</style></secondary-title></titles><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, K.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stobbe, G.</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hertz, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alschuler, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wundes, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unruh, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalb, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Von Geldern, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reynolds, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J.</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis Project Echo:  Outreach to Rural Providers to provide Innovative Collaborative Training Using Video Conferencing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northwest Regional Telehealth Resource Center</style></secondary-title></titles><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>